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THE AMERICAN MUSEUM
OF
NATURAL HISTORY
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DEPARTMENT OF BIRDS
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WHITNEY SOUTH SEA EXPEDITION
OF
THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
' n
Letters and Journal O'-'* 1 - ? 'i-
of
Jose G. Correia
from
June 4, 1925 to October 18, 1926.
Tonga Trip, via Kandavu.
June 4, 1925.
We left Suva about five oclock in the afternoon and arrived at
Kassalica Bay next day at five in the afternoon.
June 5. After we dropped the anchor I went ashore to find out about
the shearwaters. The Chief told me that it was too late for old
ones but may be a few young ones yet. It was too late today so we
planned to go up tomorrow morning.
June 6. Saturday. I engaged a guide for six shillings, to show us
the place sfoere the shearwaters are nesting, and to help us to find
them. After two hours walk over the hills we struck the first
nesting place. There were many old holes but with no birds inside.
Our guide knows every hole on this mountain so after he looked in
one, he went right straight to the other, ^e saw trails all over
the mountain where the shearwaters were nesting, and a great many
of the holes were empty and only five birds were found — all gray-
baoked.
I asked my guide what the people were doing, going to that
place over the mountain where the shearwaters were nesting, because
we saw many trails all over. He told me that the people went there
three times a week to get shearwaters to eat. It is too late to
find old birds because they start coming in Mhrch, and during March
and April the people kill many hundreds and take the eggs, but they
stop killing them during May in order to give the younger birds a
chance to grow up. In June they start killing the young ones for
eating, so this is tbs reason that very few are left in the holes.
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, ••..<■ ::i oi '' ' i ui ' -v ■: :.-. , or
With the aid of the natives, whom I paid a shilling each, we collect-
ed about twenty in two days. A few land birds were collected, too,
and when we could find no more shearwaters in ths locality we sailed
out to the west end at noon on Monday and dropped the anchor again
at Tulaulia Bay near the Mount Washington about sunset.
June 9. I went ashore at daybreak and took two men with me to start
up Mount Washington. The only trail over the top is on the east side
of the mountain, but at some places we had to use our hands and feet
for climbing up. The bright -red-breasted parrot was calling, and a
few parakeets were seen at different places . I wanted to engage one
native to guide us to the place where the shearwaters were nesting
on the mountain but they all refused to go because the mountain is
too rough, and they said that noone could go to the place. We went
up anyhow. From half way up no birds were seen except a few warblers
and one wren, and at the top I saw only one green dove. There were
no shearwaters inside the holes. We went all around the hill where
a man can go, but nothing was found. At the northwest side of the
hill was a cliff all covered with woods, where the natives told me
the shearwaters go to nest, but noone can go there. As we came down
we collected a few yellow doves near the village, and a few parrots,
and other birds.
June 10. In the morning we came around Cape Washington and dropped
the anohor inside Denham Island near the Mbukelevuira village. The
weather was a little rough on the south side so we could not go out
looking for shearwaters, but we spent the day collecting some land
birds because the black shearwaters are all out now and come in for
nesting
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nesting in September, but the natives told me that they killed many
for food.
Kandavu
June 11, 1925. We went out to sea early in the morning to try for
shearwaters, and although we went out over ten miles but there were
no shearwaters inside, and the sea was rough for lowering the boat.
We waited until nine oclook and got out a few miles more, o I saw a
few black shearwaters but over a mile off and they did not come near
the ship. It would not matter if many came for we could not get one
because the sea was very thick to use the boat in such weather, so
we came back to the anchorage about noon and I went for some land
birds in the afternoon. I asked the natives if they saw any shear-
waters near the land and the chief told me that sometimes, -v#ien the
weather is rough for a few days the birds come very close to the land
but go out again with one or two days of good weather.
The wind blows steadily from the southeast and a little strong
right along, so I do not think that we are going to have any chance
for sea birds around Kandavu island.
June 12. Fresh southeast wind. The time goes by and we have a long
road to go with a head wind. In the morning we went out to the sea
to look for shearwaters, but there was not one near the land so we
sailed south fifty miles or more, all under thick weather, to look
for shearwaters. Occasional shearwaters were seen about a mile away
but we could not lower the boat in that high rolling of the sea. At
night we decide to go ahead to Turtle Island because we had a head
wind to fight and the time ran very fast. After a five-day sail
yitm Stoll;* iadd -r fc-Iei : c * to i ;•*«’: to
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to exfd • jilllo'}. to : i ad deed edi ierol ioff •.•tioa aw totf
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iiea
against the head wind we dropped the anchor at Turtle Island on the
17th, about noon.
4
Turtle Island.
June 17. Turtle Island is very small and low, of limestone forma-
tion. I went ashore to see the chief about permission to collect,
and after the permit was granted we started out to collect. The
most common bird on the island is the swift, and next, the flying
fox, but there are not many species of land birds present. I saw
one different Minah here which we had not seen in the Fiji Islands
before but we could not get any of them today because there were so
many people following us. I hope to get one or two tomorrow. The
birds I saw on Turtle Island were the Samoan pigeon, Tahitian cuckoo,
yelloweyes, shrike, small parakeet, honey- sue ke r , yellow dove. There
may be some more species but I saw no more today.
June 18. Today we found no more species of birds, but the same as
yesterday. The new species that we discovered here yesterday we saw
again this morning at the sweet potato plantation, but as soon as
anybody cames near they all flew over the trees and got out of sight.
These birds look very wild and the people told me that they never
come near them except occasionally, when they came to eat with the
chickens, and when anyone approached they flew away. We at last
got six of them in the afternoon, when a flock of about ten came to
rest on a big tree near the plantation, under which we were stand-
ing at the time. Both of us shot together and brought down six.
When I picked up the first one I recognized them as of the same
species that we had secured in the Azores Islands, and which we
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0 ne* nxrccfs dc©X\ b a&siw. ,nQOerte$%a erf? ni fueri* lo xie *©3
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.xib wv>.» W77f?. r f.fte to.dtfe'-o* *r en ro rf*o£ toilr *s r ;i
eoxf. entf Ic a. nerf* tssir^ofcai I en© *8 til: c-ri* qsr baiiolq I nexf¥
en- dots* .fens .a basis I ssncsA erf* ni iet^oee bnr ew #>tfi ■eioeq*
called ’Esturnino ’ . I asked the people how long that bird has
lived in the island, and the answer was ’only about six months’.
I asked what the name of the bird was but was told that it had no
name because it was a new species and that noone yet knew its name.
This island is cultivated from end to end with sweet potatoes, yams,
manioc, and plenty of sugar cane. The forest in this island is very
small because the people used every inch of good ground for culti-
vating. The island produces very little copra and the natives use
many coooanuts for drinking, but the main industry of the island is
the making of tapa cloth. Hundreds of yards are made every month
and sent to Suva for sale. I was surprised that nobody came to me
to sell here as they do on other islands, but they sold only fruits
and vegetables.
m .
June 18. There is no water in the island. The natives use cocoanut
milk for drinking and keep the rain water for coffee or tea and sop.
There is only one village in the island and there ie one cement
tank for catching rain water, but thi3 tank is dry nearly all the
time because the rainy season is very short here. The natives told
me that the last ship called here nearly six months ago, so they
have no kerosene, nor sugar, nor soap. Nearly all the islands in
the Fiji group has its own sloops, but this island does not have any.
The collection here was small because there are not many birds in
the island. The cats destroy a good many birds for food so those
few in the island are very wild. After we cut a few trees for fire
wood we sailed out again about noon on the day 19.
June 20. Ono Ilau Islands.
We sailed from Turtle Island yesterday at ten oolock in the
Eriticf .tad* sijol wed olgceq M3 i>e?Iea X .’ofiXirradsa* XreXXis©
xi* jBoc'fi ^Ico’ am tmutc M3 Jbste t haal*l ad 3 at tests
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-ftfi i Jcoc" -c c:! -Jt&re .beet ei^c&o i*.. «***>. o*d XJUed
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t?ts 07 £o; tea ?<#oXi fcosiai eld# ;i .egocXe xwo e^l *&i ■»:•:, 1'*
ai abild \tass' ton eta ©teatrX ©exxeoed' XXajpe esv? et^d aol^t»»XXoo Afffi
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mtt :d iooXoo af^ ^abtciEor^ Xta
morning, under the gale blowing from the southeast, and after twenty-
six hours of terrible weather, we dropped the anchor again in the
front of Ono Ilau Island, outside the reef. All the way from
Eandavu we had a hard fight against the head wind. If this life
goes on a little longer it is going to kill us. The anchorage in
Ono Ilau Islands is about three miles off shore and between the
reefs and the land there is a strip of deep water. I went ashore
in the afternoon to find out about birds. We took almost three hours
to reach the land. The current set out toward the north from the
lagoon on the south side and ran off toward the north with the vio-
lence of about eight or nine knots per hour. The main village is
on the south side of the big island so we left the boat on the north
side and walked across the land. The Chief was out of the island
but the man on his place told me that it was alrightfor us to go on
collecting what we wanted in the island. On account of the strong
current the boat takes nearly all day to go and come back on one trip
so I decided to make camp ashore for two days.
June 22. There was one new shore bird on this island vdiioh we had
never before seen in the south sea. This is from the spina’s family
and lives on the sandy beach among the reefs. We collected a few
of these birds today. The land birds are very few in number, and on-
ly six species — barn own, gallinule, yelloweye, shrike, warbler,
and small parakeet. The island is very small and has five more small
islets around it. All of them are low and bare with no forests and
with no high trees. The highest part is covered with small bushes.
There are very few birds in the island, most all of them living
round the village among the bread fruit trees. I made a camp ashore
for two days, but collection was very small because there is not
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,-t* rrf^ttw , :■ ii : •.-■ .©vrswoX toy .*£ ttlXXm * fl'sed'— *•!©•<?© xi.t
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v& eds^'isj't oh rfdiv eiarf fexrr wof eru: stuff If Xli .*1 sarfOTfi 3*eiel
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enough birds in the island. The weather is furious from the south-
east, but on Wednesday the 24th the wind cane around to the north-
east and blew a strong gale, and we had to get away from the island.
While we stopped at Qno Ilau Island, I secured some information
about the two small islands which lay about 35 miles south of this
island. One man told me that it is too late to go there now. He
says the islands are very bad for landing because they are very
small and flat, and the reefs go very far off, and the surf breaks
heavily all around the reefs. The only good time for landing there
is from March to May, and during this time there is an occasional
chance, but nothing certain. He told me that two species of land
birds — warblers, and yelloweye and a few species of water birds in-
cluding blade shearwaters which he says are nesting there from
September to December. We cleared off from Ono Ilau Island about
noon on the 24th, under the furious weather, with double reef on
fore and main sails and with the head siils down. The weather heat
us wry heavily until Friday the 26th, in the afternoon; on the 27th,
in the morning, we were in sight of the land of the Tongatabu Island
of the ^onga Group. About ten in the morning we dropped the anchor
in Nukualofa Bay.
teidUl m) al <S>r},i rfsecae
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.^£,3 ^ioIfi t/SseU ttl
Tonga Islands
8
July 8 to 19, 1925. Our collection at Tongatabu was very short be-
cause there are not very many birds. After securing permission to
collect we sailed out for Eua Island on the 8th, but the rough
weather prevented ua from dropping the anchor, and from the lowering
the boat, so we qoent the night outside under very rough weather, and
the next morning we had to go for shelter back to Tongatabut Island.
On the 10th we got out again in the morning and landed at Eua Island
about noon. lery few birds were seen, among them a few parrots of
Which I collected three. We spent the night near the land and tried
again next day about 11, but the birds are the same as of Fiji and of
Samoa. The island has very good soil of limestone, with springs of
water on the south end and all full of vegetation, but the people
is very very lax, so the greatest part of the island remains wild
and full of forests. Guava trees we saw all over the island, full of
fruit already ripe, but nobody cares for it so the wild birds helped
themselves to the guava fruit all the year round. I met here two
white men who lease a large tract of land each and expect to make a
very good plantation, and to help the natives too. They can find
nobody to work for them so they use the land for cattle. One of
the white men, Mr. Powell, showed me a large cave on his plantation,
but the cave shows no indication of having been inhabited by cave men
because the wall all around is covered with something like frost and
very thick.
The next day, under the rough weather and head wind we sailed
for Ata Island mfoich lies about 85 miles southwest of Eua Island,
and we reached the island on Monday afternoon, the 13th. Ata is very
small and a very bad landing place and there is only one place where
tiitftlel j3:--iioT
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to -to* ItiH to as onus t; ^ oras e^altf odi xfuoT , XI $actfe ^ab aleyfc
to ogeiaqs ri* iw ,©cc t£«siiX to lie* Aocg ^lev sad baelsjt edT *jg<*ssE
ofqc&q nifi Jird ««0ldA<ts8©w to XXtflt Xie Xw* i)ne cJvca erix sxe t*sm
bite eniss (S? fcnaXel erij to $1 tsq isesAeag erf} oe ,xaX vsov ^*s«v ei
to Hal ,ih si * l ■:■ *xt” c XXjs ?.?a &v ae&H svmfl .e^eac'* tc XI ': :>i
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'1 ; ; . . •-'•.■ 1 • ■> :r...'. • •/. r r ■ . . •; '"• J tet •;•. v : V C - ' 1 .
xtf Xq sirf so «f*e ©sasi a «*r bMrode , Xlewo? ♦OK ,D.9c oi Iclvt odd
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/itr id c. t . •>< : j !•£.' a--.iX -waJ ....^ a-
-•'.■■■ i h'.- » ,_ .....' • •;••>?'; .'. ^ :.c I <: • - 1 f'.-’ r. .
sa^idw ee&f« esc ^Xac ei aaarftf Jtes otisXqt soibaal torf V«v * fsixe Xisaa
where landing is possible, and this is not very safe, either. Next
day we landed again and had to walk about half a mile around the is-
land, over very rough rooks, 'until we found a place to go up into
the forest. I cannot tell anything about the interior of the island
because I staid down near the sea and collected and skinned them be-
for going back on board, because under the heavy rolling I can’t
do anything on the ship. After we came on board, we sailed off again
for the main group of the Tonga Islands. Rough weather and head
wind is the best luck for the poor schooner ’Prance’, but Tshile we
were near the Ata Islands we saw one wandering albatross and few
white-bellied shearwaters, but far away from us.
After the hard fight against the rough weather and head wind
we dropped the anchor on Friday afternoon, the 17th near the Kelefesia
Islands. We went ashore and our first surprise was to see sooty fly-
catchers in this small islet. The number of birds from each island
goes in a separate list so anyone can see how many different species
there are in each island at which we stopped. We saw that the shear-
waters were nesting in this island (Kelefesia) but we don't know
what kind there is because they are all out from the island, now, but
we saw the holes on the ground at two different places, and some swal-
lows, also nesting there.
Tonumeia and Telekit onga Islands.
The next morning, the 18th, we moved to Tonumeia island, but
found the same kind of birds and one more (Clementine dove), and some
ground doves, rails, and gallinules. This island, like Kelefesia,
is very small and unhabited, but the people from the big islandsused
to plant them and come here once in awhile
to pick up food. About ten oclook in the morning we sailed out again
Ja»Jl .«■ iiiie , elta jots, el a Mi bast ,»£dleeo q ai gal&aftX etedw
-e* ;i; Metre ' ■ eli,-- * .Too-'to o,t *. -rf Jbc ca xrccjys X-efco-oX « <&si-
cirri q?.’ og o3 eoflq a iwurel: ew Xii£® ,a7f.eoT t£gao*r >^tev *©▼© ,JbcaX
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•f’trso i gcdXXoi ^ysorf wSi tebaa «s oseetf ( £tjbocs so atwwf 30 x 03 ittl
zlsi’&s tic bells a >;w ..i-itctf uo er.'S© ew witA .<g££e «rfi so giri^i^R* ©X
fcsexi baM redz&m rigacS •ebnrJ&l j$%u cT &di to qjjcrg alsm &dt ret
em ellds •• , ’♦ensrft 4 i*Hiccc.^f. era ~e*t stosX ieed edi ei y
we* i*se EKO'i^iis ssimfceiJW ©so wae ew a&xssXel siA eii neo« eiP
.ei. <?<-** ^ iutf « wt© i*w~. eeth bellted-eiltfe
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a ass ei eew *>s iiqtsa iaiii ico iaa artcrifea 3s ew sW • etottstltl
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jT ;i .< i .H . : . crsi -•• r •' ei i. --s,; .■ ::.!: r-
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. oiorii gaiv’Bor :•? u ,emol
.atcaXsI j^aoiXafeXsT ose sioaywtcT
3»c! ,6s.oi si *i -i’ oi ^..vcr. «. k v .diC'i arfi ,Q«|jnre Hw
see* £ i . .0 'o ssisswKfX:;-/ ©■sgih cso jfcr^ ^ J lo tosrld earn t>- i Gasset
.slnei-.’V! r.liX . tafsi si.-^ .aoii'alXX®;^ 1 -> f «Xi4?t t «t»roi> fcsro'ip
toeo^fttoeHei nitf «»*' i sorrl oXceecr oti? isrf is** Xlsce s.1
©X'i’iTs at tore- fe-reo esreo tss istifi ii-slj o? g^3b6caGgacta , j i aji-S uun^i'Wfanrafgt
fiiiras 1 ' A"fii;‘K ??>,* ^ I -?cc en-r si aitolc-' sai sw-t .> ; coi --g; , oi
nrodt
for (Telekitonga Island) only about twelve miles distant from this.
After we dropped the anchor we went ashore and found two native
men there which take care of the island, because it is private pro-
perty and belongs to the white man. It is thickly forested yet and
the owner is just starting to clear the land for planting cocoanut
trees, but the birds here are the same as on the other two islands
so we had nothing new to report.
Lai ona Islands-
July 20 - 23, 1925. Juring those three days we worked four small
islands under the gale which was blowing. There is nothing new to
report on birds since there are few species and few birds in this
group of Tonga Islands.
Nomuka Island
Nomuka is the large island which we worked in those three days
and we expected to find more birds and different species, but in
vain. These islands are all low land and the forests have few trees
and bushes which have berries for food for birds. The most common
comnon
bird was the /tail of which there was a large flock. There are few
other birds on the island. It is nearly all covered with cocoanut
trees, bananas and taro, but the ground is badly worked. The orange
trees have their limbs full of fruit at present, and all golden yel-
low. I never before saw orange trees look so beautiful. The ground
under the trees is all covered with oranges and the people don't care
for them.
Honga Tonga and Honga Hapai Islands.
July 24. These two islands are of volcanic origin and rise from the
.Bixitf cjc'i'l 7r.aJe.ih salir isvXew* dcotf* ^Ino {iaeXal «&.to tJbt&Ttf) not
©ytJsjx cwrl rave's bar ti-xcs<&s fc&w er roiioim erf? feeqqc~£ «w tail*
-or: ' at t» t. ci5i-**<f ,li 2 alei atf 3 to etae wte* jfoJtjtfr owiiJ aes
I>»e Jsv jbtfJseitS state JLi* ai JI .saar stiris* erft c t asaolerf £>aa
#iasscroo •. :-j tot i-a&l wit tsele ot grXJtsie *trt si teewe *r:i
sisras* s i ow* tract Jo wiJ ro «a eon* act# *tt» eteri «MJtd eriJ iui ,e«w*J
.Jteq^tt c? ”-''n gaWJca i>jarr «? oa
• s.6ijslal anela.2
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a? tS5>ii grrlrfJoft at attai-'-T •<*istv ( olo’ bps’ ltoirtr ©las adJ te&cr aimalal
aids tti ebild wetiire eeioeqa wet eta ©ten'J eoaXe aJbild no Jtcxjei
.aiitsXel agaoT to quota
i-- cals I aateoH
a©tf4 esertt at bv&iuw ys doidv bsutlaJ: ©jjtfil erit ai aatoroix
hi tod .aaloeqe .taetettijb jbea aXttid »totn bars oi fceJoeqace ew ias
ecoti- w*i ©van aretes taJ rises 6r«4 v&X IIs ate. giv/aXei ©«©ri'P .ei.v
ooMRoo Jeoro ©rtf .aJbrrld *iot rieol tot telttad ©vari rfcirfw eerier cf Jbxss
uoirrco
weft eta eterif .aloclt ©atsl a saw eteriJ dolstv to Uet^eri? ««*r litld
tsmmpoo riJ.fT oatevoo Xla tr,Xte©K el JI .Jbaslsl v-j a© aritiri torfJo
. ..• - nike.-j k 1 i- , . Dt ( .3 ? ,<r ~ j Jfv.? ?; ■:i:r4 ,ae«T
-i*X aatlcs £l& bar. ,h ^ etK »« *ixnt to 1 fc. .TjI -rleii# eeari ©eetj
h ;'*^0': c Si fi-t I ;;T.e<<(S o? 3.'cc ' m ‘r.; & -it: ,-z etoltd' te'.-er „ . •;•-
•two J^xtoJb -.'Xqceq adJ fiea ma^asro di.lv cetovoo XXa ni eaat* erij telair
. tEarl? tot
: :.xi; ag oojE aarc.' 1
Oil# fvHtS ©ft s t .-r;.it© .:ldBriXc^ to e*r.- s6r--:Xa'i i ©te^’? .*S
deep sea with no anchorage of any sort around them. Honga Tonga
Island, the smallest, is 490 feet high and has cliffs all around
straight up and down which nobody can climb up except on the west
end because the rocks at that place are loose and the cliff is
steep. Mr. Beck and I went up with great difficulty. I reached
the top and got onto flat ground at last, but Mr. Beck found it
more convenient to go back down than to risk his life on such a
steep and dangerous place. Anyhow, I was safe on top so I kept on
to the other end of the island. At the top the soil is soft and
all honey-combed by some shearwaters, but not those I found there,
because these were nesting right on top of the ground and not in
holes, and I found some young ones, and two fresh eggs with the bird
on them.
My first welcome at the top was from a ground dove which came
very near me only eight or ten feet away, and then flew away again,
but I shot her. After this I saw ten or twelve more of which I col-
lected five, and two Qlemantine doves, also. At one tree I saw a
flock of pigeons and several yelloweyes, and a few warblers were
calling from the trees but I did not see any of them. I saw two
owls fly away but I had no chance to shoot them. The red- footed
boobies were building their nests and some already have fresh eggs.
There was a very large colony of them, but at the east end of the
island. The plotus booby was sitting too but I found them all over
the island. Some built their nests right in the center of the is-
land, under the big trees, and others built over the ridge which
faces the south side. The ground all over the island is honey-
combed with shearwater holes and gave way under my feet at every
step, breaking into holes over two feet deep. Everything was al-
egcoT asircH ofr^i bmO’tB itoe y/is io •g&itoiisxte 00 xf 41 v aea qeoi
but; etc £I.«s a^ilo u~d Spjs fjglji -fee'x cei ei , ieoIIxi'tB etfj t bnetel
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-v ' -0 ? ei attEiei' aiii rtevo I la Ora-ort;.' e &2 •able dSisc* eni aao^.l
t^e?» «« ynr TaLae %m ©v«s bae eelcx Toiis»?T£rd 8 ddfir fierfffioo
■ ^...r'+yiiov »qs*c» Ss ' c. . ‘ f:vo Baler ' xt ' , qsj«
right niiile I was at the top, hut when I came to the place for go-
ing down, and when I had all the trouble of climbing down that
cliff, I was sorry that I had not gone back with Mr* Beck. It was
too late now and I had to get back somehow. When I went up I could
see where to put ray haads and feet, but when I went down I could see
nothing. However, I got down again and swore that I would not under-
take any more adventures like that. Near the landing place we
found a small colony of sooty terns and some young ones which were
not flying yet. A few shearwaters were nesting there too, at the
south side where the cliffs are highest, we saw myriads of sea
birds such as frigates, boobies, shearwaters, tropic birds(red-tailed)
nesting there. We came aboard about noon and after lunch I went
to skin the birds while Mr. Beck went to Honga Hapai Island. While
we were at those two islands we saw a few spermaceti whales and two
of them were very large. They went right close to the rocks and
i
passed within forty feet of our schooner.
Tofua and Eao Islands.
July 27 - 29, 1925. I cannot say anything about Honga Hapai Island
except what I saw from the ship. A very large colony of sooty terns
was nesting on the lower part of the island, and several red-tailed
tropic birds were flying over the ridge. After the two days of
calm weahter we reached the Tofua Island on the 27th, Monday morning.
The island, from the outside, offers a good view but udien we landed
it ollked different. It is almost entirely covered with ferns but
very dense and hard to get over them. Everywhere we saw the trails
of pigs, but never saw any pigs. After I tramped for about an
hour over the tall ferns I made my way to the top of the land to see
if it had better forests inside the big crater, because the outside
&1
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was almost treeless. Nobody on our ship knows anything about the
active volcano on this island. They knew that there was formerly
a volcano but believed it to be already extinct. When I reached
the top of the ridge I saw a large mass of white smoke rise from
the center of the large crater and when I stepped a little farther
I saw the bottom. It is marvelous to see at close range the work
of nature. The great lake takes one part of the bottom, the forest
on the south side goes from the ridge to the edge of the lake, but
on the north side there is a great bank of lava and three volcano
craters. Two of these do not show any signs of active fire, but
the other one is the largest and Is active. It sends out a mass of
smoke constantly. I met Mr. Beck on the ridge too and he told me
to try on the west side of the island for birds because he would
go over the south side himself. It took me a long time to come
down from the high ferns down to the flat at the west part. A few
big trees on this part offers berries for a few such birds as
doves, pigeons, and a few other small birds. I saw here many fresh
trails of pigs but not a pig was seen alive. I heard the barking
of two dogs and within a few seconds saw them come from under the
ferns only twenty feet from me. Both of them had their noses full
of blood. As soon as they saw me they went back into the ferns and
kept so quiet that I never saw them again. A few feet from this
place I saw a young pig killed and laying on the ground, already
partly eaten by the dogs. No people have lived on this island for
many years since the volcano broke out and killed many people and
buried the villages under the lava. The people from the other islands
used to call here once in a while to collect copra and try to catch
wild pigs. Eao Island, the highest in the group, looks like a cone
■adi tvcda 3gI&jY„a* etrosal cltia iuo ac yjbQ<fo r f .p.ntlwxi $mi.-tn£a esw
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and has a high cliff all around by the sea. On the west side it has
a little flat piece of land with a few cocoanut trees on it. We had
some difficulty to find a place to land but at last we found a good
place on the west end, on the rocks. The ground doves were the
first birds to weloome us on the beach. After we had tramped for a
little while over the ferns, we reached the forest, but it was very
dense and full of vines. There were very few birds on it but we
collected a few of every species, and clear out under very rough
weather. There was fine weather again the next morning. The next
place we called at was Fotuhaa Island, and we stopped at a few more
small islands, but did not go ashore at some of them. I staid on
board to skin the birds, but nothing new was found in these small
islands and the common birds are very few. The people on the island
are all lazy. The store keepers here are very honest people l I
never saw the articles as cheap anywhere else as on this island.
July 30 - August 31, 1925. We called at several small islands
before we went to Vavau, but nothing new was collected. jjr. Beck
.on
went ashore alone/most all the small island, and I staid on board
to skin birds, so I can not give much information about them.
Vavau Island is the largest of the Tonga Group, and has a beauti-
ful harbor in the Pacific Ocean. The most common bird in Vavau is
the yellow belly. In the other places where we found these birds
they live in the thick forests, and not many together. Here we
met them in small flocks among the plantations and right in the
villages. It is a different species from that seen anywhere else.
Shrikes and Clementine doves are very common too. At Kapa Island
I found the first large rail’s nestl The bird was in it but there
were no eggs. This bird builds its nest on the ground just like a
ngC tt silt 3*«w Off xsO +A9* *di yaf StoiiOi* IX* 331Xo dgHi ft Mas bn*
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lien's nest.
Late Island.
We arrived at this island on August 13. It looks rough from
the sea and is nearly all covered with ironwood trees, and ferns.
The first bird we saw after we had landed was a small rail, so we
thought that there must be a good many in the island but no more
were seen. The natives told us that there were many wild pigs in
the island but we did not see any fresh trails of them. Pigeons were
also very rare there. I found a yellow dove’s nest with one egg and
collected both nest and egg when I shot the dove, a female. I have
not seen any more of them here. The plotus boobies are nesting
over the cliff so I collected two fresh eggs. No people live at Late
Island because there was a great volcano some years ago. This is
now extinct. Prom Late we sailed to Toku Island, an Islet which is
flat and covered by big trees, but found few birds there. Next was
the active volcano island, Fanua Lai Island.
Fanua Lai Island.
August 15. This island has a remarkable place to land. The active
volcano in the center sends clouds of smoke into the air constantly.
Only on the north side is there a place for landingeven in fair
weather. A little valley runs between the two high mountains to-
ward the small lagoon surrounded by a large crater ridge. In this
lagoon we saw a flock of ducks and among them Mr. Beck shot one
different from the others which he told me came from California.
In the valley around the lagoon we collected a few small rails and
a large flock of boobies nesting around the crater. On the north
. JSflCC * *aad
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side of the lagoon the water is hot. The active volcano is a little
north from the lagoon and about five or six hundred feet above. No
flames were seen from the volcano but very dense clouds of smoke and
sulphur rose from the ground. There is no crater where the volcano
is active, except on the side of the mountain and it is almost all
covered by a thick layer of sulphur. I crossed over the edge of
the volcano where the vapors came through the rocks at many places,
and the ground was so hot in many spots that we could not rest our
hands upon it. The soil was most covered with sulphur which came
through the small holes in the ground. The thing most surprising
to me was a large flock of sooty terns nesting upon the rocks with-
in the edge of the volcano, and all their young birds which were not
yet flying were running over the hot soil. There are millions of
sea birds in this island but mostly red-footed boobies and sooty
terns, a few red-tailed tropic birds, a few white tailed tropic
birds, and a very few noddies were seen on the beach. The land birds
are gallinules, two rails (large and small) yellow-eyes, warblers,
cuckoos. There are no doves nor pigeons in the island. A small
flock of flying-fox was resting on the trees among the groves and
valley between the two caflons near the volcano. The red-footed
boobies had young ones half-grown up but the plotus boobies had
fresh eggs. The water in the little lagoon is mostly salty. There
is no fresh water on the island, and only one cocoanut tree was seen
but with no fruit on it. We left this island at four o’clock in the
afternoon and arrived at Niaufou Island on the morning of the 17th.
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Niaufou Island
August 17, 1925. Extinct volcanic island with a large lagoon in
the center. The water is not fresh but one can drink it. The com-
mon birds on the island are parakeet, yelloweye and Clementine's
dove. The Megapode (Malau) , the rarest bird in the south Pacific
islands lives here. While Mr. -Beck went with a guide over the
south side of the lagoon, to look for this bird, I sent through the
north side of the lagoon crater to collect some other species. The
first one I saw I mistook for ground doves flying from the ground
in the thick forest. I shot one while he was flying and in picking
him up discovered that it was a different kind of bird. Along this
side of the island I saw about ten but got just three birds of this
new species. I was told by a native that the people do not kill
these birds, but collect every egg they can for food so the number
of birds becomes smaller every year. I saw large numbers of small
parakeets near the lagoon, and Clementine doves ware calling all
along the forest but we rarely saw one in the dense foliage of the
high trees. We spent two day s at this island and then sailed for
Keppel Island a hundred miles to the east, which gave us six days
of gale and head wind. We reached Boscowen Island first, on the
24th, about noon.
Bosoowen Island.
August 24th. This island is email but it reaches 2000 feet in the
highest point and forms a oone. The most common birds are the
pigeons. We found them in abundance, also sooty flycatchers and
yelloweyes. We heard Clementine doves calling in the trees but they
were hard to see in the dense foliage. Shrikes and parakeets were
■ : •' . . .
a* aocgeX 63*ral e. ba&S.el oiBiioZ&r SosltKSi. . 2 S$I t VX JsasffA
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18
rare and we collected but a few of them. Kingfishers were very com-
mon everywhere but there were none in this island. We spent two
days there and next day sailed for Xeppel Island, the last one of
this group {Tonga) .
Keppel Island
August 26 and 27. This island is nearly flat with a small hill in
the center. The birds are of the same species as we found on
Boscowas, but there were not so many of them. The most oommon bird
is the yelloweye and the shrike. The .yelloweye here is a different
species than tne others. It is smaller, has more black and a very
bright yellow iris. Prom this island we sailed directly for Suva
and arrived there on August 31 In the morning. We expected to find
orders for selling the ship and going home, but there was no news
from the Museum so we have to wait until the orders oome to find
out where we are going home or going on for a longer time.
-sea x'xov r:ev.~ BTedallstflS •« wel a io-ef jbeioollo© »w Aa® #i£l
cTi *««,« eV, .£>fsalel eirft at ®«oa «w tried* Sad ona^iovo
to esc Jeiii edi # ««sXiI X iCiH ntf oelie* ^af> *X0ff oaa ewrt svcx
. aaaoTJtiCfo^Ti zttli
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^ e tfoaltf e *{ cxe tad .“xel.Jsm si il .ete-lJc ear' nar'J eeiosqe
svi/c 10 I: ^fiosnfi- bsXif.s ev, ^aslsi eiili aiotfS. »al*i woXXer td^lri
bait o:* &ei8£^it© o* atfi al i<- taigu*'. ac crtoai i>©v '"•«?. .fcfw
svstr cfl asw ertsaii ii«f , sasorl gcti a, a has qltfit erf,* ?*ffiXl88 ftfi 8*reAio
hail o J f ;ro atel/to «tt liixor ji«w ci 9?eri ew oa taposs* sdi rr*rl
. ml- 3 Tt -i.aol £ 'fo** sc gatioa c fcnoiv •- Icy ess r? s*i*iAf ~c-
October 1, 1925.
My trip to Namosi in Yiti Leva Island.
I left Suva at three o'clock in the afternoon and
reached Navua at sunset. Rain started about six
o'clock and kept going all night.
October 2.
In the morning we started out in the rain and it
fell heavily, so when we reached the boat we were all
wet. Twelve miles by boat from last village to
Namoamoa Village all the way In the rain. We arrived
there at three o'clock in the afternoon and spent the
night there at the Chief's house.
October 3.
Rained very heavily all night, but we set out again
at eight o'clock in the morning in a light rain for
another twelve miles to Namosi Village. The road was
terrible. In many places we had to use hands and feet.
We crossed a large creek twice, which on account of the
rain was very high and the current ran very strong.
The water was so muddy that we could not see the bottom
in the centre. The water came up to our breast and it
took four men to carry over each package , because one
man could not stand against the strong current. We
arrived at Namosi at three o'clock in the afternoon,
all wet and muddy. The Rev. Guinard who lives in this
village and has been there for the past thirteen years,
received us in his house. The Rev. Father Guinard is
£ .1 v ' i j
. o;:» I 2 i j ; ,} r/ a i ; sc mil . •> if q / x •; ,'f
to -0 r ii o .? r, ; rsToo 1 o 1 c ax ■ du j-i &vM S't el 1
; xi'B o».. 'cats niaS .S&QfiJva ijg jairxali BMCi-Ji
. i tig x a 1 1 e §a.c Og J cj9> f &rta ;too In ' c
.2 tofoioO
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’
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'.• 2 ^ifo 39 : *.-’?? ijrtf . oiiglct figs tveftd pay &eai«£
• .:V? fix - n - ; ni .alii it; n'r af ylooXo'o Sci %ls S&
■ ..s'. xwC aril .e-xliii le©raH oi bsIIaj sv I ex , 3 re-ASpm
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. 'XXC'* * . ?V fltiV . X-XD X 1-. I-XU3 ) \/; " ,f ;0V7 K £. X
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Si bna 3 83! xd nia o'S atr a-ix>o ?rZ MS nl
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,sx . ©v, qfe.eq o, •+ to 1 ? ot • aoed baa 9-sIIiv
20
a priest and a model of virtue. He lives in the middle
of the mountains like a true Catholic hermit. He only
believes in serving Cod and the people whom he loves
like a true Father. His home is very modest and poor,
showing that he takes better care of the people than
of himself.
Monday, October 5.
The rain has not stopped yet. This morning it fell
heavily and the creeks ran very swiftly. At nine in the
morning the sun broke out, but only for a few minutes,
and then the rain fell again, but more lightly, and con-
tinued all day. I went out with the Rev. Guinard who
showed me the road and the places where I could find
Thrushes, Black- faced Finches and Ground Doves. The road
and fields were terrible, all full of water. A few
Thrushes were found at the edges of the creek, but they
all went like lightning. At last I got one Thrush and
one large Sooty Flycatcher. I saw no Black-faced Finches.
I did see two Ground Doves, bizt had no chance to shoot.
These were the first Ground Doves I saw on Viti Levu
Island. One Thrush's nest was found by the Rev. Guinard,
but it was not quite finished yet. We were out until
three o'clock in the light rain, but after that the rain
began to fall heavily, so we came home with very few birds.
The Rev. Guinard got a young tame black Hawk only seven
weeks old. It is a beautiful specimen. He told me that
he had tried very hard for more than six years to get one
of these birds, but in vain, because the old birds eat
m
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.
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t
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•Av- •;■ r.IOv si .xjto.Txosqe Lirl idr.. ©d £ a.c dl ,f;Xo a^'oar
one do? od 3^a'a$ xie arid 3'xofli loS fires ri ,*rov beiid bari ax
ds© sir. id 0 I 0 •.>'£{ d ••a/.T-oocf ,aisv al : .d , abxiri aeorid xo
the young ones when they are unable to find food for them- £1
selves; so this bird was removed from the nest as soon as
he broke away from the shell. The Rev. Guinard told me
that he had brought the young bird home and fed him on
boiled meat and fish and some grasshoppers. The bird is
only seven weeks old, but he is in full plumage. The back,
from the bill to the end of the tail, is a dull black,
and breast is dark brown with black stripes. The iris is
dark brown, the legs a greenish yellow, and the bill
light gray. Only three pairs of these birds were seen
once in awhile flying over the mountains very high up,
but each pair lives many miles apart from each other.
The Rev. Guinard told me that one pair lives near the
Namosi Village; one lives five miles to the east, and
another, ten miles to the west. He says the Hawks nest
from June to August and then go to the seashore for fish-
ing and rest on the cliffs near the sea, but once in a
while they go over the island. It was told me by the
Rev. Guinard that when the young bird broke from the shell,
it was carried away by the parents to another small cave
near by on some shelf of the cliff. The two eggs were
seen a few times, then the next time the eggs were found
broken but the young birds were missing from the nest.
T Vhen suddenly the old bird flew away from another small
cave on some shelf of rock, one man went in there and
brought out only one bird fully hatched, but the other
bird was not found anywhere. The pair of Hawks living
five miles to the east have their nest in the cliffs
where it is very difficult to get at them. A few weeks
_f£ -mrid to? Boo? bnii o n r> .
ns lfooo B.:, i 3 ;i • . d 5©w. ;m'cT sirfi OR : r.av ; a;.:
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e ni oerio bed ,*«£ c xesa sd' Ho add no d .;T baa grii
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j . o ,ve A .TO,' .:©•-. od ^t©v ex dl siera
ago, the Rev. Guinard passed the place ten miles from 22
here and seeing the old birds in the nest, he sent a man
there, but no eggs were there yet. The Rev. Guinard
supplied us with a guide and I sent my helper there to
see if he could get one of these Hawks. He started out
yesterday, but has not come back yet.
October 6, 1925
It rained very hard all night. The creeks this
morning were over a foot deeper than yesterday. At
seven in the morning the rain was lighter but never
stopped. I went over the ridge of the mountain, but at
about nine in the morning the rain fell very heavily and
kept on all day, so I spent six hours in the forest for
nothing, and at last my shells and paper were all spoiled.
Hicks came back at night from a ten mile trip after Duck
Hawks. He stayed there for two days, but the Hawks never
came in sight and the nest was empty. The natives told
him that the Hawks had not been seen for several days.
The nests found with young birds in were the following:
Pigeons, Shrikes, Broadbills, Redbreasts, Gray- Hawks ,
and a few others with nothing in.
October 7.
Fog and light rain all night. The Rev. Guinard told
me there had been fine weather for the past two months,
so he was afraid it might be going to rain now for some
months. He says that sometimes the bad weather goes on
for many months without stopping.
r'O'vl Sr.
;r:" • a ' i u9R erf
>■ or: ’ fcopSv* 5a*fllsrC .-re'. - riff ;:y v y
.
b'tg fix jjO ,veh ©ii’X .dev. »rcerf.j eiew ore Jrrcf , 9 ’ter';?’
ot oisriC isqlsxf \'f- .laea I bro, ofcixrg a ;fefiw air J&.afflqqi/B
tsso fieJ'iatfa eK . sS- ?.aH ess.--? lo e ?o ?3g frirroo sii If sea
,o 9 V K'ltfC! OfTfO C .1 Off Bdi! tfmf ,
68'. I f <3 i : ' oe?o0
s idt 83Cee-'io arfif .fajafu 11b b Brf ^xav beniBi ?I
tfi* .v.a&'rsefae^ «a;{j aeqaeB Joel & levo errev jalmom
ieven Jrrd 'isJ.j- . cl sb* nisi ©ftt ^affliarn erief ni nevee
tud ,ajt#Jnxjora erfrf lo e?bfa exfcf tevo jns^f I . Beuqo c! a
brrij, ^ j!ivao' r V- !,V 1 1 ©1 niai .•/.? < ori-ior erii ox ectla iuodB
tcol cfaeiol erf* ui arr.-rnf xla taoqs, X os ,%»& Ila ao tqeS
. to ' iorjs IXa stew 'ler.^cx bna e Haifa v.r tan l la trie ,$ahltOL:
’AouXi ■:■ s ;^s qlit elii: art & raost rr r fgia .la ioacf ecao aiolH
tevoLi a^waH erf* tud omz oc! eseri? Seva * a oH .stfwaH
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.rri za Into it rfctxw er&tit o welt a 5rra
»V 'T&rfodD.
Sfo ’ bnanru’C .vaH evl .* evict I fa uiaa jf'gxl b:.;a
, r- riri non owo r Jaaq erU %&i 'redtuoi, eait aeed' miii ioae^ era
9 {nor -'Od nxirr o« j.;io§ 9cf Xi b la ala eav. erf oe
no 2003 isilJaovr baJ &dt BotHlt&tn QQ t&dt e^aa aH .flri^nopi
. ■t'.A f : c r c x r. tuodtlw eiitacm vrrara icS
October 8.
23
The weather this morning was a little better, so
we went over the mountain to look for Shearwaters, but
nothing was found. Only two old men here remember the
Shearwaters nesting in these mountains, but they say the
last birds were seen about fifteen years ago. Never since
has one of these birds been found by the natives here.
Today a couple of Ground Doves were collected and two
large Flycatchers. The Ground Doves were the first of
this kind we collected at Viti Levu Island. I was told
by the natives and the Rev. Guinard that about twenty
years ago, before the Mongoose was brought here, that
the Ground Doves were seen in flocks everywhere in the
village, and sometimes around the houses. Parrots were
also seen in hundreds flying over the village; but now
only a few of these birds are left by the Mongooses.
Gallinule and Rails and many other ground birds were
destroyed over fifteen years ago. Not one Black-faced
Finch was seen by us. A heavy rain came about noon and
continued until nine o'clock in the evening.
October 9.
The weather was fine in the morning, but did not
stay long. Today we went about ten miles over ridges and
through valleys on the north side of Namosi Village, We
passed through some forest where no one had gone before.
The silence was broken once in awhile by the cries of a
Kicau (large Warbler), a few Pigeons and a few common
Warblers. We never saw one of the birds we were after.
.8 T9 dot oO
on ,19^00' Vs &sw gniarron sirft Tarftaew erf?
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S 3 B.I-I iv f bo matt dp adi.a action eit ao a^eXlav dgxioi/it
■
.. ' 0 89 X 10 axit ^cf a X tdwa ni a ©no nadorrd -'....w eoneXle exit
, 0 ;• u .73": a baa orioer in a , (rtaltfiaV.’ ©sicl ) x/e 0 x>;
.10?*! a eiaw s- .Biid adt do ©no wee rtevan ©V, .arteidTsF
24
After covering about ten miles or more of very roiigh
forest and tramping all day, we came back home with
two Long-bills, three large Sooty Flycatchers, and a
nest of a green bodied and red headed Finch, found
near the Rev. Guinard's house. The nest had two eggs
in it, one smaller than the other. The nest was very
large for the size of the bird. The entrance is on
the side and the hole about three inches deep. It was
built in a tree about thirty feet high at the side of
the road. These Finch are very common here.
October 10.
It rained very heavily all night and up to nine
o'clock in the morning. At this time we went out.
Hicks took a new section today and got one Ground Dove
and one large Sooty Flycatcher. I went over to the
south side because the Rev. Guinard told me that he had
seen a Gray Hawk nest in a big tree. Two native boys
went with me to show me the place where the tree was.
It was on the side of a ridge facing the creek aboiit
two hundred feet below, and the nest was built in the
branches twelve feet from the trunk in the centre and
very difficult to get at. So I offered a reward of
three shillings to anyone who would go there and get
the eggs and the nest. Hot one of the men wanted to
risk his life, but a boy of thirteen offered to go.
I gave him a string to carry up and when he reached
the nest, I fastened it on a bamboo bucket which the
boy pulled up and placed the eggs in. He then lowered
?i > 5 d r.^TuS e;v , vjab XIa gxtXqf&b'j'.f boa reono?:
;£ r $« ',S1fiAi vix one. O-.Tfi.C ,f.'£tO- ';-aoJ OWXT
bn;.ro’' .n'orri/- do baa? ft or baa be xborf xxasif a 'io 3a©xi
aT ^ berl •j'ea'fi ex# .asinoxi . raK gdJ nxsexi
,n©v aaw .'sab &d% .iBiiio edt 8*d3 no [Jams a no ,?1 isi
no si aaca'iitaa eriT .bnid grftf *o as is extt nol a^ial
tow r .car-.': ssiionx egnxfcf oxrodx. alo/i exir fcrta sbia sxfct
'■to sfcxa enj era xij&i|i teoJ tiro 6a &eit a at illad
• enoxi licwnwoo %iev errs 5 oai 1 ?; ©eexvl .baon ©a..
,01 ■ssdod’oO
on M oi $; boa Ha vixvami %%&v heai&t JI
. . ■ .•Miirrarom sdt at :(c.
’ . ' . • ) ^ O 1o:: rfw&OC* OOiiCGB . rfoOlf grtoil'
saJ -Oj as VO .taov I .nsdodav--: ”5oo£ eg-ral a no 6na
? .a.. f anM ;'.©v! S'lcr) haai <3 .vex edit asuaosJ sbxs /iJi/oe
s\.£kT ori.iah owT .con.. gitf a ax 2»8« 3twsH ';.otC a ctees
.ear- eon. eri# .nexir aoalq oxio or woxia. ol on ■. . ? tr; tuo’-v
■in id* y'seri) adit tyii 0 -s$ o^bim a ? > able oxtt no eaw *2
ert.'J nr Jiiorcf i,-i- jso:; eni- baa ."xteJ cfee" b&n&anrf o?..t
&-XXX-. enJnso oii' t., sTm/iil ss.'s r .•n': reel: e" l ■? eerfooanc
Jo 6nar:en a: beiM' c I «#a 3 eg o4 ^Inollr^Xb \,nev
3o>£ Site anox or .fit o oxxv ©no a o3 s: nu : We enn'r
or betxu'. aorn erf. 3 bo erxo :o;; .3asn end baa egge exict
.••>2 03 baroJJo rr eeo'xxir Jo 0cf .1 st 6 e'tll aid da in
be iltasn erf r -..or ins qr; ^nnao ol gnircr a a mixi ova^ I
oxir rfo'rr r 8> r oxxtf ooexaed a fio j; vdnotba? T ,tfaen exit
.xfi eg£e oxitf be-oa.fq 6xi.e qt' -bollnq ^orf
bo no vo ]
it to me and the nest afterwards. The two parent birds 25
were shot too. The hoy climbed the tree like a cat.
It was a bare thick tree about forty feet high. The
upper branches were about two hundred feet above the
centre of the creek. When the boy reached the branch
where the nest was, he walked along it until he came
to the nest without holding on to anything. He just
walked along as if he were on flat ground. The branch
was only about five inches thick. When he reached the
nest, he sat on the branch and lowered the things down
to me. Then he got up again and walked back the same
way and came down like a monkey.
eu srf;r fea* exo oJ ,1 i
•... V; . * ?a-' c ?■ J e.v.
4 i^oef '-.. r , .00,! Jo fie ex#w
& ocf.3 rfoxrer eiad s u*w J 1
erl.f o v o tfs Je9% ^©iJ&rtar? or-f JjjckTb e*ier eerienaacf ”xeqqn
no.Oii'icT eri-'J ©rfo-net o.:-y aorf?? .jlesgru nu'J ’to
3 K.o on XiJn.r jj gaoJfi bsall-sw 311 ,a*w J e ©a odtf. siorfw
" - -i . eil .-5.0 x -i-.r v;nn c 4 . no - vxxMorf JrjoiiJ i;v 3 3 n orfj oi
i> ea^jisf o 4 T .cax/o'xr Jail no ex©T eji li bb gao Lt, btHS&v
s*;j fcerieaei orf nem .xoirfcf enrioni rjvll Jitogb qino saw
oroo t 33x110;; ©dJ n.n 3 -voI bua doxxncf =>rIJ a- • J.. a oil , j a an
e. ooa erfj xoatf boolXisw bfta fit in 3s on J03 erf aerfT .era oJ
ion b 03 ! 11 n ob ••niaao ben . *r
Auckland, New Zealand,
December 27, 1925.
Dear Doctor Murphy:
A few days ago I sent you a few samples of my
bird paintings. I am now sending you another, to show you how
I am getting along with this work.
I saw a man painting pictures like these in Suva three or
four times, but when I tried it I did very badly. When I came to
New Zealand, however, I had a few days of leisure so I passed the
time in drawing and painting birds. Mr. Beck saw me paint the
first ones in Suva, and laughed at my "foolish idea", but he is
surprised now at the work I have, been doing.
Mrs. Beck told me that it would be a good thing for me to take
a few lessons when I return home, but I hope by that time that I
shall not need any lessons myself, but can even be a professor of
art! Don't you think so? My wife says that I am a "Jack of all
trades", but there is one that I can never carry on— the baby trade.
But, you see. Doctor Murphy, that is a very old trade and I forsake
the old ones for the new, because the new ones are always new! They
may pay better, too, but all women are alike, you know, and don't be-
lieve in the new fashions as I do .
We expect to take the 'France' to New York, across the Indian
and Atlantic Oceans. I don't know what Mrs. Beck will do because
she and Mr. Beck are having difficulty in deciding what is best.
Our best wishes to you, to Mrs. Murphy, and to your lovely
children, for a very Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year.
Yours very faithfully.
Mr. &. Mrs. Correia
*£ttt&UMtS weH . .
,VS 'IftOrTSOei 1 -
:ylcr*s>-/.; Tdoc-d ieeC
YP -O aeXv-^ 8 p9 "i * riOY Jma I 03B a^eJ5 sel A
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•siiow aid* ii$ iw gad- gniiiss xojs
10 souk* fivnE ni oE9d* ©Till e©>»r*oiq gnijiriaq; am a wee I
otf am.se I xren:. .yXOeri yia* Jbij&, I Ji fialrri I aertw ,aerf* lad
en'.t o&aastT J v e eu/eiei Jc ayeL wei a fiod J , levowcri ,tonX~’oJv weii
sri* inisq wn y,** Jtesfi . , eiriirf ;]ai*ni .one o ru= ai er<i :
ai art , "aeti riefXoo*** *4? iKdionX i>xce ,£vab ni aeao tfeiil
Oj.--i.oi) need ever I iiow *:•...: is >* •• .bpeiioixa
a- ;-, ci e:r yc~ ' a tsi s bco;- & « ; 61 car ii s -fi * XI t iatoei » .•••■':
I ?£f; ■ azil ; .i* \.c eqo~* I ?aaf , ©i.od aide' I j.. • w ...: :• .' *
. oiq atf neve oeo itsd , 1 is* p fencer e: •<*. . : , r -ea ioc I
XX? ic atoeV 1 £ u£ I iarfi eyse ©liw yjd ?os j£alrfi x/oy i’noff !$•*£
« . taiii sao el eifirfi l*»rf , ". t
■ , ..■:•• < X.u; v ry .fx-n.} ,y •;"'•'••• ' - ■' o'- : •
Y.axfi’ I wen btjcwXjb eie eeao wen -..*i ©aneostf .wen exit ic? r.wro 6Io extd
ecf #’«o6 6&e ,wrmi noy .eriiis ests ceaiaw Lis tad ,ooi t i©iie<r ysq yea:
• ox I ;••.■».. v t. - ai evall
n&faal edi aocioe t iioY wePI o? ’•onsTi* edi e<x ; j oi ioeipce ov.
eaneoori 06 iiiw aioefi .aUi *exfw worn; *'no6 I . enoyOC »i*rvaX*A 6ae
• *eec ai rp.-fv- ^aiaisefc ai yJIuottilb waived ei m» erie
yXy*.'oX moY o* 'L:ib -s*r. '. c* ,noY o* eexie Ai- raed t»0
• i s'f weK Wi- 6 - s 6ae eimcreii riC v*neM Yiew n id ,c®*i6lirio
..■•reiYLiD .eii.: »w
Vj. I;;i; : :©*t yiev ewoY
f-i
Akaroa Bay, New Zealand.
February 2, 1926.
27
I have not taken any notes since we left Aukland
because I had nothing more than what Mr. Beck wrote,
and this is the first time that I have been from the
ship collecting alone.
7/e came in this Bay for shelter from a gale wind
coming head on, and as the weather is not yet settled
enough for us to go on, Mr. Beck sent me around the
Bay to look for something. I saw one Black Shag
near the mouth of the Bay, but had no chance to get
it. A few Mollymauks followed us yesterday with the
rough weather right into the Bay and I collected two
of them and one young Blue Penguin. I saw two wild
Pigeons fly across the Bay and keep on going over the
land. I went out again in the afternoon to look in
some caves for Penguins, but found none. I saw only
one in the water, but he got away, so I came back
about five o'clock empty handed.
February 4.
I went out in the morning across the Bay
looking for Penguins, but I found none on that side.
In the afternoon I went over the land on the east
side of the Bay trying to find them in the caves,
but if we don't know their habits, we can never find
them. A native went with me and took his dog along
to help us. When the Blue Penguins come ashore for
resting, they never stop in the open places, but go
. fcaiUJVi; ; ;9-' , • . ; BOT.dxi •
, S •£ '
■-.I>rr;£ f ; v «»{.•;;' astfoci \- .e xxoxb J Jors evsrf 1
©ox moi" a 9 0.0 9Vijf( I ;'b 00 e, ti -Jerri?. ©rf-t si airfJ baa
. oflO fa ^Cfijoelloo qi is-
%fw 9i6j; a ho t? is a. [aria to? £3L r axOi ax eiaao e«
balJJ&x ?oc er tb.IJbsw r CO sa boa ,no bead galcfoo
srfi oiiwOTs am OasQ a'eefi ..tM ,ao o* of su to? Ogirorrs
§s::8 5T.oeIS oao wea T e:\-os to? jfooi of
jo.$ o. 9 opus .Is on fin a 4 x/d ,^e5 nif .00 non erff tssei
9 . ; rfiiw ^abTf :• >9Ei Rtf be wo lie? < -'ol • ^IIoM wo? A .01
owj beOoalfoo I orxn v;«>' oritf oi;,x 0 fig It t®:£Obsw ri^croT
i ■■ ■ '■' 0- -V. . nr n . • o . : sn don. ~ oxIJ ! o
onO to d gnfoja no a >a& to aif ‘ seoTon \,I? aaOe^fl
n.f 6oI o : 0 oooaTQo’ -. e<? ai aia^ja fxro Jxxew I .baetl
S^I'to to X . eaou bane? -tod , anloyne’t to? ae^o siaoe
t'X:. : r eixac I ox. , -:vwi on d . i . •;. . u ouc
.babaari v,f<r®e jfoolo ’a evil -ix/ocfa
.£ -an nr do 1 ?
;a ' e3j ■ J sfpToa rr ' -cc, > :.u- ax no friew .
• ef> it. ta'M ao a non 5a»o? ;*. vi.rd' , tc?
v aa s e-i.t no fiuai ?: t.jvo Xnew .. : .conns J?b' siiJ a I
, <■. arise exit .if nodi to c't o? \;s£ * x;7 ?o sf-.fs
dol:' Tsten lieo sv. . t: ' . tab; •• r.oa ; 'nof; av ?j iirtf
7 : > I gob f. id ' OOCf fix. 3 9i iff XW jO'.W v f tl A .B&iiS
TO? 9'XO.lSA OflTOt Salxxgri^f Si'fff !«P.T.' . BXf '[led o.t
under the bushes or under the rocks covered with
28
hushes. Some of them go four to five hundred feet
high to look for shelter. The dog found two under
the rocks covered with dense hush. Both of them had
started moulting. We had to remove a few stones and
cut down part of the bush before we could reach them.
Those two were only about ten feet away from the high
water line , but one that we found was high up in the
hushes about two hundred feet from the high water line.
In a few places I saw a lot of feathers from some
penguins that had been moulting and had taken to the
water.
February 5.
The weather was a little calmer in the morning,
hut there was a southwest wind. ,7e pulled out of the
Bay, hut we could not go south. The wind started
coming stronger and an hour or so later it was a high
gale. It continued all day and all night so that next
morning we were further north than before. On Sunday
the 7th, we tried our best to get into the harbor, but
it was only fighting against the storm for nothing,
for we still drifted northward. Monday morning we
headed for land and fought all day untill evening,
when we dropped anchor about a mile off shore for the
night. On the 9th, the wind went down, but it was
still from the southwest where we were headed for.
In the afternoon we sailed out again and made for
Stewart Island, but the wind went to southwest again
and remained strong for several days. Mr. Beck saw
6s 19.70 0 p,u: x Si f “1 9 p . ; •; g a -if . fd ea"? - 0l: f ;
S' ©9? fir-rfenorl evil: or -xsroi o£ r.sdt ©no 8 .sedsud
lobuj ov;i basic -gob ofl’< .i oilorfs sot 3to©I o? rigi/t
'\ari ce-rfc} lo rW o?I .rfei'd asasfe as iw feeievoo ed ooi oils
&na e ariose - '■ J3 ©to me* oJ hjsK r‘ .nalSI uctn fteJisJe
.arau-t rfauaei bluoo ew eio^ocf xiax/d ©riS *o ?xscr mro6 Swo
odt f$ok*£ \'ami Hive'! uktf Si/octo v.L'io eiew cwtf saoriT
&*if: ax qx ajs-xfit a ms cnuo’t &vr jarfs ©no tad t 9nli 7 at aw
.s ■ ; - t J • '■■•-. at
ome fire's* bv exit art %o &o£ a me I aexxsla we* & al
oris oS ftoifaJ bisd bm nxSIxron need fcj&rf. its sit enlr/gaeq
.19 S3W
*S .itoiil r o'n
, ’.-.ffiuior 9 i# rix -\emlao ' : &!.tti.L a 8 b >• ':esit*ew ©.IT
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n^irf a a** IX teds! oe id i^o >' r:a 6 as le^aoids gniraoo
It ’ . '
'& 8 ?>fiuS nO .©'• o!t©cf f.vdj S'tiofi lendir/i ©low 07 ' palmer
S:.rJ , i .. t OJ. ? ' JO 0 id' 1*70 .' ' iS ©v; , „j? &d,
i
07 gn.t/iioffl ■■■r.ar.olS .M-so/ddi an beSiiib Hit a ew to*
, ^iiiae -re f I i s , uj : ..x n , j. • to ! 5 ro ferr* i tfob t‘e&#. 9 ii
OOv :l c • ‘*0 .■ ' Its ct Oo-TI -:ih ■ r.
ijo ft t.s cf , frioft :‘no’' : f*|xl © it , .IS 1 ©dd rrO '.ti-gia
.io c Sereod snow -v? ©ir.rfw Se&icfJrros 9:it vqzS. Hite.
10 I' ©bsr 6 hb aXsr-s -1 ;;o bolxsa ow aootii oxflfi 9dS a I "
aii' a • :• • ‘y-o© -t ttsv? onir ©xfS , brualel
wrxi-a sfoqS *iM .s^afe fsi© as 10 ^: ■ 10^-8 fioaxsnei baa
that it was impossible to go ahead and decided to go
to the Antipodes Is. first and then go west. After
a few days of roxigh weather, the Antipodes Is. were
the island; a few different kinds of Shearwaters,
two of small Petrels, Sooty Albatrosses, Wandering
Albatrosses, Sckuas ( seahens) , and a few other species.
The first day that we spent at the island, I stayed
on board skinning birds and Mr. Beck went ashore for
birds, bizt he found the island very rough to cross,
because the grass was very high and there were many
deep holes everywhere. Ilext morning the sea outside
became so rough that the ship was nearly on the rocks.
We raised anchor and got clear of the island and start-
ed for the Aukland Islands. As soon as we got clear
of the land , the wind changed to southwest again and
was very strong and very cold. After fighting for two
days against the gale wind, Mr. Beck decided to abandon
the idea of going further south and we came back again
to the Antipodes Is. because we were only a few miles
away. This time we found a better place to anchor and
started work right away. I went ashore to see the
aspect of the island. From the sea the land looks very
smooth, but when we landed, the aspect changed entirely.
I have been to South Georgia three times and I landed
at three different places and crossed parts covered with
grass, but nothing like this. Here it takes an hour
to go a couple of hundred yards. The vegetation here
is very different from that of South Georgia Island.
very large flock of birds was all around
■-
• a : iior 5 0 a^sb v.o5 &
l . . .- 805 rd :.o XooiA 4 •;?•• A ' . Y A 5 al
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. v ■ ©a [? ,19 9££xsrio tceqee 9A> , bo final ;w aortr chvrf , rttosoms ;
be&ssi I bns bo: i? ebicfi 3 i-aoar 0 ? need evsrf I
beaeoa;: bn.. ;j;9i . r tv. 5 : -;>T:5 Jt-t, wrrf# ts
. - ■ . , - . ■ d Of. ' r.
■'-o.i Q[ i \y \ -.k ? > nA oa j.iei 8 'li 6 ;T©Y 34
Of course these islands are quite a few degrees
to the north. Here I saw a few different ferns and
a number of other plants, some of which were in
flower already. I saw two streams that ran into the
sea, but the water was "brown like coffee and tasted
very bad. On the beach we saw six Sea Elephants,
but not as large as those I saw at 3o\ith Georgia.
There were two speoies of Penguins about the islands
and small land birds (pepets). They were very tame
and came to within a foot of us so we caught some
by hand. This island has one small house and some
supplies of food and clothing for shipwrecks, and
is visited twice a year by a government steamer.
For the first time 1 collected here two Albino Penguins,
male and female. On the morning of the 35th, we left
the Antipodes and headed for Bounty Islands. We
arrived there next day in the morning, but could not
to ashore before noon.
Bounty Island, February 26.
The place where we landed on this island is of
solid granite rock and not a single blade of grass
was to be seen. The rock was almost covered with
Penguins and Mollymauks which were nesting together,
and a lot of Prions, some resting on the rocks, and
others under them or in the crevices. I never saw
so many birds together in one place.
The fur Seal lives here in a small colony,
but most all are very small and we saw only a few
m
i
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. op-aXo otto nx non: : :od sox ref ^oerc oe
. , doles f : .. 9 a 1? a 9 " ,9' T X ■ <'>'. X 9fXT
: av 9T. 6 na li- ma ±zav axs X r n daom dr/d
old ones among the young in the group. Only one kind
of Penguin lives in these islands, hut they are not
there in thousands hut in millions. Every islet is
covered with them. There are very few Sea-gulls and
Sea-hens here. This island is the first place that
I saw Cape Pigeons resting on the rocks near the sea.
In this group of islands there is not a teaspoonful
of dirt to he found. It is all solid granite rock
which rises from the deep sea with no anchorage. There
is a provision depot here for shipwrecks. The hut is
just a rotted frame with no roof or walls. It con-
tains several boxes with some provisions and two stone
jugs half full of stale water. The place looks as if
nobody had been there for over ten or twelve years.
We found a different kind of Shag in a small colony,
and the Prions proved to be a different species from
those of other places.
On Sunday, February 28th, I went ashore for a
few Albatrosses and when I came back to the ship, we
started for the Chatham Islands and arrived there on
March 3rd in the evening, dropping anchor at Pitt
Island, eight miles east of Chatham Islands. I have
nothing to say about this island becaxise I did not
go ashore to collect. We stayed four days at this
island on the west side, but we left on Sunday, the
7th, because the wind changed to the northwest. We
could not find any shelter around the island, so we
stayed out during the night and next morning, Monday,
the 8th, we went to Hound Island. This is a small
•rro., oT ,h n,:-lat oe-- i ■ rj r aevil a cixgnfeS \o
3 X jpL c 1 St'- 9 V? . a no i . I i. r 1 1 £ ,i ytf *U-£ . ; b ho cit a f e * a r! ;>
bn ts-f .Cur a v/a' ^idv- ais -v< x .f .aorfi • f ft* ©
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, 9 §bto [-oaB on At xw .jor go 45 'rft rrrof:'; aaaxi dsti,
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.secaSq xxril o lo tsod.i
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. •;AJ 5 n t.; . 0 crlol ew 3 d ,e& *:c tear eA 5 no basis !
•?. os . MT.-,i a x »••;? '.-7 b get ieife ,a* ft.: i ton BXiroo
, ■••BbiiOlI .^nxnioo: dbcaa 5ns if a old ^niiofe ixxo oe^sia
II 3,^5
x si
. -tiolal nfttoH 00 aw ,At8 oai
islet known by 'Key Star' . We landed at the north end.
Here we found two kinds of Shags (white-bellied and
grey-bellied) . Each kind live here in separate places;
the white-bellied lives on the open rocks, and the
grey-bellied lives in the caves on the cliffs. A few
large and small Sea-gulls were resting on the rocks
and some Sea-hens too, on the grass. The ground over
almost the whole island was honeycombed by Shearwaters
and Broadbilled Prions; but we found very few in the
holes. The Sea-hens have killed a large number of
Prions. We saw piles of feathers all around in the
grass and a large number of bones. In many places
I saw skins and bones of the Blue Penguin. Three small
land birds live on the island. They are Thrushes,
Starlings and Pepets, and one Hawk flew over the island.
From here we went to Forty- four Island, but there was
no place to land there. However, we collected several
Royal Albatrosses, a few Mollymauks and some Prions.
Beginning today, Sunday the 14th, we have had very
rough weather or gale winds and have had no chance to
collect anything
. .>rie ; i* to ri &lv bofeaal e-1 . 1&1 %d awoinf i sls'x
■ fiaHXscf-odf icivs ' sgetfS i i ■. -
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8 - ooi 9 j f no 50 i .far* r-iov' & X i ag'-aeS £ (ana baa ©gxal
. ' , 00 ^ '. 9 . 0 TO 3 &ttB
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si." u : &a;jp-.ja I Lb aiMtf&a'I To Ix:; ’rus ©U »eno2i c t
■ 8903l<t ’ a I .seitocf to ipdma ©gi&I a 6 rw aasis
X 'afl?e ,iii - i.-si .IS &jI 3 ' ' q bsooc :.n« s was 1
.
.
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Y. 19 V 6a ©vaa 9v, , 4<t eni $s£niEf; gaiaaigsc
0 i ©tm- - oa 5 jj i ©STBii fin- r&ni" 9 ,[$5 10 ler^os-' xfgaoi
Schooner France, Aukland, New Zealand. 33
April 3, 1926.
Dear Dr. Murphy:
I am writing you these few lines to
let you know my plans in the future. I know nothing
as yet about what Mr. Beck is going to do, because he
always keeps everything a secret, but Mrs. Beck told
my wife that he was waiting for another man to take
his place on board the schooner, and that he was going
to stay on land with her in the future. She said that
he needs a man who could take his responsibilities,
because I am not sufficient to take his place. I don't
want to meddle in Mr. Beck's affairs, but any school boy
who could read, write and figure, could take all the
responsibility on board the Schooner France.
Mr. Beck, himself, is a very good man
and a very good partner for anyone going along with him.
7/hen I came to join Mr. Beck down here, I never thought
that we could get along together for so long a time,
with the best of friendship and fine harmony between us,
so I don't care what his wife said; but what I don't
know is whether I and the other man who is coming to
take his place, might get along all right together or
not, becaxise we are not all alike. I should want to
stay here as long as I could if he treated me like
Mr. Beck did, but if not, I don't know how long I might
stay.
■ v : '•■a r
. da* X ,5 Ii'1 "A
: Y'dq'ZxfM ..%(! i\a ■
sentf >8© ’it oov. gaxX rxv. raa I
s.iiMJOti wo iiTi 1 .ey^Sssf e:iS nt zoulq vro wocnf nay is!
ed 38 WBOerf , 06 04 gufog si 'jCoeg ,tM iarfw itsodu Say bu
b£ o4 :"oo£ .stM <fxrd ,4 3*xoae a gni;i4$i:9ve sqeejt eyssnrla
,e>&t }$ nan- yadSoaa toJ an.Xtxaw aew sxi .tan* oSIr
! : ... . • . . i ^cvl - '■
,&;i ■
, sl.lXI 1 !i ;no;rr. y aid Hbj JbX.-ro^ odw flen , abeect or
.4 ' :to. 6 i .aoB'In 8 iff ax'd? o4 rf aaioTiliXf. J o a rrra I aawtoed
i !--£cbi .y! ; [ b bem oi 4 sav
'V. J rii- yX," fSL i'TOD &Kii RjXTT. . 0B91 oliiDD OXi’W
. ^orriii^ lectOOBOo srf4 b'lBOtf :ic Jtnaoqaey
ivy : 0 C\ -lev a A /ili-eytA ; ?[oeS .*ri;
.mi'fC ; J iv. gaol a gcriog enemas so?- 'lenJi^a 60054 ^i 9 V a 6 os
4ri ucifj 'X3V9 I , e v :orf rwofc Ao >ff ,tM o4 9 bo as
, 14 qX oh 10I X'M'J-jgo.J y.aola Jag 6 Ijxoo aw 4ad4
87 cre37.J‘K> 7 ixiof)i'tri;i on xA bras q trtenciely't *to Seed ar(J rfflv
4 'nob i Jsrfw dx/d ;6isa &*lw a hi to,.'’.; ei«o J’noB I os
o4 iix r-TO r a.x orfv, n .;re rte.i4o edit l ,i& i r ertS.etiw al wore*
xxoJ 4. J *r IIb gaola 4©£ Jr:.ifr , eoal 1 ' ei.b eru, J
3 4 .tcTBw fyisi&dt s l .ojCIXb XIb 4oa sis ow eau&oed , Sen
M ora & a4 89*14 orf 11 bXaoo i. es : aol bb 9*rerf v,a4e
4 :[■ 'r fiol wo.X wo nx' 4 ! i.0& I ,4c > 1 4jxci , 616 rXosS .tl.. '
u
Mr. Beck told me that he had raised my salary
to $125.00 a month, beginning January last, and he also
said that the Museum was going to take two months out of
my salary for November and December, when I had a little
rest here after three years of hard work in rough fields.
Please let me know if the Museum is going to take the
money from my salary, or will pay me the same as it did
Mr. Beck when he had his vacation.
The money that I received in cash from Mr. Beck
for the past year was 83 pounds sterling, from March 1925
to February 1, 1926. Please don't send any money to my
daughter until this bill comes clear, because I want to
be square with the Museum in the case of having to leave
the field.
I wrote you about five months ago, but no
answer has reached me yet. I am hoping that you will
answer me some time in the near future. This trip down
to the So\ith was the roughest one we have experienced.
For two months we encountered southwest gale winds, so
we never could get to the places that Mr. Beck had
intended to go.
Please let me know how much longer you expect
the Expedition to go and what are the places we may go
to up to the end of the voyage. One thing I want to
tell you is that the Schooner Prance can't go in the cold
zone becaxise she is not fitted for cold weather nor rough
sea, but only for the Tropics or near by.
Yours faithfully,
Jose G. Correia
V.iisls. \',3 B©f i±-i barf d am bloJ ioeff «*tM
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ii.' jil a axjfi I ne:-w ,i»tfmeo«C. bji.j iscfmevoH •xo'r %*■.&£&&
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otf tmr I easiaoed .xaelo a ©moo LI Id aMd Hi us naJd^s/al
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. "iaaxi *ro eoiqoni edi *ro r r ^Xao d/xd ,£ r
, vX r fr' r iM i£ < r 81 to Y
April 20 , 1926.
35
We sailed from Auckland harbor at day break. A
few Sea-gulls followed us all the way. There was a
light head wind all day but very few birds in the gulf.
We reached the end of the mainland at the entrance of
the Channel at sunset and dropped anchor for the night.
There were birds in sight today -- large Sea-gull ,
small Sea-gulls, Gannets, Wandering Albatross, small
white-breasted Shearwaters, Buller's Shearwaters, and
Sooty Shearwaters, but it was too late to lower the boat.
April 21.
We crossed the Colville Channel and stopped at
Channel Island and I went ashore to have a look at the
birds. When we called at this island last January,
the small rock was quite covered with Terns and small
Sea-gulls, and hundreds of Shearwaters were flying
about. There were indications that the birds slept on
the island at night, but none could be seen when I
landed. The only birds that were about were a few Sea-
gulls. At night we sheltered in Tryphena Bay. hear-
ing the shore, I saw a few Gavia Shearwaters flying
out to sea and one young Wandering Albatross. I lower-
ed the boat and collected one Gavia Shearwater and the
Albatross.
April 22.
A fine morning, but dead calm. I sent Hicks out
in the small boat searching for Shearwaters and Diving
Petrels, while I went in the other direction for Black
3SSI , OS
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A .iaaTJ 'r*}b jfl totftatf bm £&$-.& atoiI boilae eV,
a aa~ s'csfil e-.i? . I... gv bsvollox a|Ixj$ : -£62 "763
.tltfA srf.j- If i 6b*r. cd ws? £x©v 3iftf \;a& flas balvx 6a en I
3o oonai-ta? orf3 ta bnalncan ©rf-t ?o firra ar£3 barfowen sW
.3 rig iff eA3 to? toriona oarrcroTfc brw eenna -** XanrjfidO edi
IXeraa ,&•.:••.•*£ la o' I- j-ateeb/w^f , s.-'Qnoaf- , all o^-aeS Hams
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. ”,at£ «£(- • f ,6J fens •)•'. v ; X ' : ;•;■
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'
.SS I .fig A
•J :?.• i, Xy/n I.5R .. trial' hi . a d . -.tl AriOffi ani' :
•:r h-M. bc-a aaoj-awsaedS io- >40 . :i& lise . jaocf I lane ©d3 -ix
jfojj/r *. ft aa I i -: c f r>. igrid'O 9x13 ax r new I sXxlw , aIe?3eS
Shags. I discovered a nesting ground in the cove near
by, but the birds were so wild that it was impossible to
get near them. There were both White Breasts and Black
Shags breeding at this place. Both species were nesting
in the trees about 50 feet above sea level or 20 to 30
feet from the ground. I learnt from the local people
that the nesting season was the month of January. Hicks
collected four Diving Petrels and a few Gavia Shearwaters,
and I collected two White Breasts and Shags.
April 23.
I sent Hicks out again in the Channel for Diving
Petrels and Black Shearwaters or any rare birds. I went
again after the Black Shags. I saw three of them on
the sea side, but I never could get near them. It rain-
ed all the afternoon, so I had to give up. Hicks came
back to the ship all wet, but he brought four Gavia
Shearwaters and one young Black Shag which he said was
asleep 'when he surprised it.
April 24.
We are still in the Tryphena Bay Great Barrier.
It has rained hard all day and is blowing very hard from
the southwest, so we could not go out.
April 25 t o May 5, 1926.
We have had very rough weather right along so we
could not go out and had no chance to collect any sea
birds around here. One Black Shag and one Red-bill
Tern was given me by the local people, but we could
. . .. ...
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oXiri^o - 3 ?. tire .(?:■ ' Isooi ©5 7 ?© sr. rt©vij ssw r. v.
collect nothing for ourselves. Now we are waiting for
favorable weather for sailing to the Norfolk Islands.
May 8.
Pair weather. We sailed out of Tryphena Bay at
eleven in the morning under a west wind. During our
stay at this port we were greatly welcomed by the
residents of Tryphena Bay. The sea outside of the
great Barrier was very rough. Several Sooty Shearwaters
flew aboiit, and a few Gannets were seen at the north end
of the great Barrier Island.
May 9.
Very rough weather all day and a head wind. A
few Vandering Albatrosses and Black Shearwaters flew
about all day. In the afternoon I saw two Diving Petrels
and a few Prions, but had no chance to collect.
May 10.
Very bad weather all day again. A few Wandering
Albatrosses were seen about, and several Black Shear-
waters. In the afternoon I saw four small Albatrosses
"white head and yellow bill". We never saw this species
down in the south. I shot two and got them on board,
but another two did not come near the ship and the
swell was too high to lower a boat for them. Lat. 32
south, Long. 175 east.
May 11.
Dead calm in the morning, but a very high swell.
No birds were in sight all morning. About noon two
*ro : 'aw 'VTrj »w wo-! ;eevi asi^-o iQ^r fa Miron Joeiioc
.af>na£& L jI o^'roi-.. orii oi sat! tee *©$ Td&teew oldst ove' 1 ’
.8 <ja?{
ta ia$ ^asrf-fvt^ *o tfxxo belies sV; .■saitteew tis^
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rj Ci ©bin." ut *3sa 9:'-T Bts.rftj^’xT lo etn*b lee's
8*i »v ev ~ o 9ii'S ^Jco<. liiisvec .riguot 'jiev saw rtelviaff v&9*r
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. c,:- s/ el ■ eittafl: tfset* exfi to
.(/
• fuse: a La. £ai> r la Tpaxiteev rfgj/o* vteV
£fi i .u ae&aoaJe<-: £A gaiieftieW wst
IstisS garvi-fi .vj v -ie j .loeato '^s ©xtt al . -/«£. He teodx
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owi noon tiwdj. .grnraoi He •'© ni ate.; afctfcf o?l
38
Black Shearwaters passed by us, but were never seen
again. In the afternoon two Wandering Albatrosses
and two vThi te-headed Albatrosses came In sight for
a few minutes, but went away very soon afterwards.
May 12.
Strong head wind. Very few Black Shearwaters
were seen during the day, mostly one at a time and
far away. Two Wandering Albatrosses followed us,
but went far off. In the afternoon I saw one Wilson
Petrel pass by, but it went quickly away. Two small
land birds rested on the rigging several times during
the day. A high swell all day.
May 13.
Light head wind, but very high swell. Only
four Black Shearwaters were seen all day and one
Wandering Albatross. One small land bird came on
board in the evening, resting on the fore mast.
May 14.
Dead calm in the morning. One Wandering
Albatross was seen far away and one young White-
headed Albatross passed by,, but kept on going. I
saw one Grey Tern, a new species for me, but he
quickly got away. About four o'clock in the after-
noon I saw one Gape Pigeon pass, headed for the east,
but it did not stop. Lat. 32 S. and Long. 174 00 iS.
May 15.
Fairly windy, cloudy weather and squalls once
.
!£ - *'*•£■' - 'r'-: 5 O" fi : J /f J , ;r r .- ,
■- )$$ , fi . . »4 &fItt
af’iii.r ./T* no oe vxsv 'tjairra jtfg* lucf , eo^iinim wol £
.Si 0'M
■• ’ 0 'C » C .T .OiJ i':T '.vs” ^* 1 Q V .fcalW SiBsrf JsnCTJ g
• r>iX - ' v ' i: 3 ** 0:10 ^Itf&orrt crM ^tilrirb as&s btzsti
• 2:i o&r.-o 1 1 o$ •:;o8eo < i3j8rfI/. • nliebnaW owl .yaw* tax
ncKliV. 800 7.^3 I noo rrstf'U 9.4 Hi .3 To xa'i 3cx*v *od
I .[£$8 ow. . vswe ;'; r or;;p iooiv ;■ I Jird , i d raa/ i«x?8'v.
§t£.tiy& aomirf lo ropes ga sxM ao r^rtasi afeticf tr;o f
IXa Ilewr erf*
.SI
euc ■- •••' I la 11998 -'i.v J 19 Xt 7-4 . .; t:Iti l>;0^
ao dmS'O oxli fcrtsl XI eras sal .eaottf*.£U goixoLoaV:
*^ 8i ? £s 9 ' r no |sn U&ax , palrave ora ai fix.-. ~c
ZXjobttaW aoC) .prUux orl'i oi raise. fcesG
-elin r gaao . 'eao has vra' xaT neets eaw eaox3,a<XIA
•o r: -V no ! SS2( ,'•■ XJ bSO'i: IA h:ihu '<
o: ; -y ; [ ,9 xo?- Qclcsaa v.e i a ,axo r : ..ox® ©no we'-
- s; 1 :,i 9 cf ax oalo ’o xxro ■ xocfJ .^... cros {.IjfeJtop
' r0 ’ &e>n ;9( , Sjgieo ©tar nno was I noon
-.A .-Vi .;-udOi v.ie .8 " »4Au .go ye yon 61b tfi 4 r. d
.fins ■ r
in a while. In the morning a few Black Shearwaters
flew about and once in a while a Wandering Albatross
was seen in the distance. A small Finch (land bird)
39
flew around the ship. At one thirty P. M. a large
flock of Black Shearwaters and a few Wandering Alba-
trosses came near the ship and we stopped and got ready
to lower the boat, but a strong squall suddenly broke
out and stopped us from doing any collecting. ’When
the squall was over late in the afternoon, only a few
Black Shearwaters were seen flying far away in the
distance. At four P. M. a large flock of about fifty
small Finches passed us, flying very fast and headed
north at Lat. 31.36 S. and Long. 173.52 IS. A few
Black Shearwaters were aboxit, but the sea is a little
rough.
May 16.
Sunday, rough wind all night and day from the
south. A few Shearwaters flew around all day.
May 17.
Rough weather all day. A few Wandering Albatros-
ses were seen around all day and one Sooty Albatross
passed us in the afternoon. We saw the Sooty Albatross
around the Antipodes in latitude 49 south, so this
was the first one that I saw so near the Tropics in
latitude 29 south. Also one red tailed Tropic-bird
flew around us for a few minutes.
■3av»-\ e t . jJ ! ■; e r. ■ n? a I .ailiiw t
bso'a :' sd‘|-A .f 'veoiiiA 3 0 ' ■<, * at oono baa 3xkM w
& .U , r i \;s%ldt ano 3A .qlris add' Box/oxa rail
■ v.:* '•• • •• - T •■•:: *. ,,;j- ir- Air. aorfi /owJfi ■ ' ::;.■• '
3 on 6i-.a 6e^ ’a sw bo .. cffrie. eA# %$©& anae 89800x3
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aerHiV .&di 3 osJloo \'fta ^aioB «qxt ex; heqqots Baa tsjo
we?.® fno , aoe/rxetila a;.?? -:i ©3al levo bb-- Haape arf*
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,. 0 . - £l . - mm serionj .
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.rf^aox
.31 iaM
9 tit no *13 v:b 5 Ana 3n'gi:n Ha 5niv: rfj^ox
n« baaoifc w-.?!’ 4 axotfawxa© £8 -cal A ./(3 nor.
. : v;a :
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'.o ox 3 an r . oov; aao *&ae %&■■: Ha. ftnaoxa >6©e exew see
s ' fi cog ©• • ? was aW .ncomed" a -3 it 1 a is oeeaacr
•' oc .■ o.i (-3 e . o| .t.'ijo i .13 6 .»• xa
a t •. o • ctotT • rf r >. an oe & I .-■ o.:o 38x1' r- -.3
o I A cl-'O'i' bo is3 Bex no oniA . i tirr a t?S 9ba#i3Bl
.ea3xmfr- ws ,; a xo'l ax/ Baaoxa wait
May 18.
40
We sighted Norfolk Island early in the morning
and got under the leeward about ten o'clock. The wind
blew furiously so we could not go near the land.
Several white Boobies and lesser Frigate birds,
Black Shearwaters and some Wandering Albatrosses were
around all day. We hove to and kept only the staysail
out and let the ship drift at the mercy of the weather.
May 19.
The weather is much worse today, but we stay at
the mercy of God in such weather. During the day I saw
a few red tailed Tropic-birds pass us. They were
headed north but kept going south because the wind
blew from north to south. Two Noddy Terns came to rest
on the deck, but they were so weak that they died a few
hours later and the wind carried them over board.
May SO.
A terrible night without sleep. The glass keeps
going lower hour by hour and the wind blows more fur-
iously, but we will stay at God's mercy. In the even-
ing the wind dropped a little, but the sea is still
very high.
May 21 .
The wind dropped a little so we made for the
land with main and foresail in double reef and stay-
sail until about noon and then let out all the sails
in the afternoon and we reached land at five o'clock.
7/e dropped anchor in Cascade Bay. I saw a few Diving
m > .d id vjiue huale I - fo* tcH hats £$is ©V,
.2100x0 0 rtod GUCCIS blUi'fr-tyj. :>i[ ~ ©&',c; dog
xil © 'd ism o"- . cu cl oo -y ( r<'d
f 3f>*rj rf Ye&eeJ bun QeicfOoa »d id* i&ve /oi
aeaocicVcflA gaiYe&aaW 9/pots feet., sy.&j*fnae&t tIobIH.
' •'• I • '-x &ni, o d ovorf 9', . 6 IJ* ' .
. 3'. oi : : ) ct 9; add .; s lit qids arid del Boa d iso
.ei vis’!
?ncf , ^.sfeod ©etov rfoum ei Y^ifdaew ©ciT
1 ’■' E& erid Biixi'CI .Ta&d&p* do; a rrir &oO >o yoxArn eri.
ebixd~-icrc>i7 6 el lat ior w©l
■ V oriJ .©ex/scsl rfdocs Jqa>T j ,/d rid you 6 ©tear
j e-i • ; 8^.p > a*©. ibBoil or# .fttiro*. od a’diO/r hutI welc.
..‘:.T £ 09 Si) S£0 ft? darfd JIBS ©e ST9W \;Sifd ? d ,Zoe b &&t CSC
.biaoo i&vo cvsp box’ ii&c fieri?. arts ftas isdal aisjosi
. OS ^aM
,3C' eea '§ v<7 -%&£& lurorti ? w i rigid si dined i
ibo t,v,v>j;cf &£- l:w erfcr axe si/ori tio< to wo I gaic:
oiein e'boO .?* >tjde 1 ; ./V sir ds/ri .^Xexroi.
i / - 3x isoe S’-.? d,. : d , o X •? d x I a ftec'^oYfi hriir; erid grjfl
-rigid ^4»v
1 ’- : s-:«rr; av, oe sid'd x i x> Becrcrc x r, fieri - -' aril
l i-’ J oot dX&sob ./ Ixjsso'Ol fed* . -tarn ridiv, f-.rial
slx-o odd I'd d.ao doi ne. d ora croon d-U'ocfs Ildccxr lise
* ■' io o evil- djd bcusl bedo^ay e% o;ia nocniedla edd til
^niv-xu '••el a we 8 I ,m€ © rti '/orfoaa Beqqoib o’.
Petrels and a few White-breasted Shearwaters flying 41
about the west end of the island. At sunset we dropped
anchor at Cascade Say on the north side of the island,
but it was too late for landing so we waited until
next morning for the doctor to come on board and clear
the ship.
May 22.
The doctor came out about nine o'clock in the
morning and I went ashore to see the Administrator
about permission for collecting birds. Now Mr. Beck
is going to be here tomorrow, so I waited for him to
get the permission for me.
Norfolk Island, May 24 to 31, 1926.
After Mr. Beck gave me the license for collect-
ing, I went off in the afternoon. My first trip was
over the mountains and up to the ridge, but I did not
see many birds in the bushes. The birds live in the
valleys and in the plantations, especially among the
fruit trees (Guavas). The red Parrots fRozalleas) ,
beautiful little birds, were seen everywhere on the
island. Some of them are so tame that they came very
near us. These lovely birds are not protected by law,
but they protect each other. When I shot one, the
cries brought hundreds to the spot and all tried to
help their mate, but in vain. They are very rarely
seen alone, but stay in pairs and sometimes several
pairs together. Many of them came to within ten feet
of me.
e-:frovr 9?; tnac »fc .ijtXsIeJt s/it 16 V; o "c.y- ::-/•/ ? :io ’Ixx
, i>mi a i ©xit l.o •©}•;%•.. nt-toei e;{? oo aSaoe/sD ip . Tx/teuw
■ & ' ■ e» &« ail o
•tasXo kie LiTAorf ac scut o* lotoofe e'i^ t-.ol ^niaio^ fr-fwi
.qirfs >.!':'
,s$
sn: ix r in’ c -. c 'C. 1. ?;n • :a 3 "?••).:? c -. ■ onT ,
XQ3 £*ii 8 Ifififfi'feA 3£'i 8©6 0# 910rff:ii 3a&V i 5*18 'MtillVX ©h
51095 , -.rM ?:•:.>£ .: il.d : ; nxxo9ilco xo' aoiesimt-q tx-orff
o# j®frE *iol Htflaw I oe woviomot ©tco/-' oo of $aJto% ax
,8® toI aoiasxrrteq an ‘ fer
.6£‘;I , is o; &$ vt‘i ,&obIkI >u«lto£
jo^XtOf -xol eaoeoix wft o-- ,iK i-.ilA
g , t l~ t j p*( il \;M -ate " ' e e/ft ax Ho ?u»v : - . T: •
eon &xfc I stotf ,3^61 t eat ot qxr bm-;»al^StnaQn o.dt j&vq-
9 di nx svcl 3-Sslo o,1T .Eisasud exf? fil Sfetltf $&*«
silt arp i 1 1« cos*-; - a , sfcoitatsa Iq ait al has a^o. r. v
iSpel sto-jTjel fisi exiS . .aavsaCj e«Q*r' t ‘ fr
vis”.- enjBO ^9ttt crarit acru; " oe eta xiexit lo onoS »/• alt
,V.vX OOtrotO'X: ton 9?: si eiltd vol 98 t fl .BBf
j ,r>:.w .’<sda I £f-©Xi¥ .isrito /;£>.« o tfoatortq ©rtt C *r
0 be;.-:o Xla fitus toqa ettf ot sb&ibcujd id&nrx<f esnx
X 9 \r c > 5 •: 3' •' 9 .:>H bail 8*X£Xr f£X ’.S-'H 5 .': J , OHO & •»©:
•+90 30v axxftiv. o.t ©st o rnerft lo v.as ‘ .*:-v fte: O' e*
There are very few green Parrots here on the
island. I saw only one pair, quite a ways away from
me. I went into the bushes up over the hills, but
never saw one again.
The blue Rock Pigeon lives on the sea cliffs,
but feeds everywhere in the land. I saw a few right
on the roads and some around the houses eating with
the hens.
I saw several California Quails resting in the
bushes, but they are very wild. As soon as they heard
any noise they all flew away.
The green-brown Dove is a beautiful ground Dove
which is very tame. T ,7e saw them everywhere on the
island, right on the roads and around the houses and
some resting up in the trees; others lying on the
ground resting. In some places I saw some looking for
food, but never two of them close together; each one
goes to a different place. When they are resting, they
do the same.
The Thrushes here live in the bushes, in the
plantations and around the houses and roads. Sometimes
I saw six together and most of them in pairs. These
birds are very tame too. Some came to within four or
five feet of me. Part of their food is guava fruit,
but I saw a few scratching in the mud and picking up
something to eat.
The large black Thrush is not a native bird , but
imported. I saw very few and they were very wild.
These feed on guava fruit and destroy almost all the
©;(o nc o-isrf ' it.;.-- aae'x’g »s3 ,;iov ati’.
J,;cf ,'Glfii: e;M Tavc ms ■tmia r J$ otiis o vai ; axa
.0tH»8S enc wao I'KJ.;
fXo alt no aa/ii noegiS; -jCqoH sulrf erf-v
$rf?w v. -'- ii m. I .fecal 9.ri 1 ai 3is ^ ctoo? *:ni
ei*ir gci-d^e assxrsrf atftf feaxroije ajnoa feni< afiaoi end rjo
.a n. 3 i. er •:'
el? ai gxii tfasi e I issr£ aiirro^ilaO iaioveE waa I
fe'J jjftrf ^ '.x V’-'t " ^
. v^.i. V. A / 1 [I- qerfc
avoC viixcrr- iuJ.t$sf&&& a. &i 070<1 awoirf -aftftT's ©rf't'
•- • >• rc si ft :[•' ■/? sv 9 ;(" k r sb s’ . effiad qisv ax . o i v
o.v- . ••anorf srSt fcaaei. . i.A£ ab&6i -iff? ac chili . fenalni
sx(5 u£>. - r #59,1^0 , ; sflsii and ni qx gai^oi ofroi
TOl sniiool smoe wa& I aeoalq snots a I .gpi'daei 6awdif«
sco rtc.&-s ;ien?a§ed aaolo aedd ‘.to ovvj norm tsr cf , Jboo 5
. since, ftii u o-B
erf; nf , me dess d add nr evil aierf aftxiexrxrfl 1 ©rGL
sere 'xt sir ob vsocoi baa c. saxrorf ©rtf bcvs oda bna aaoidadnalo.
e • di , a*ib.>.,q ai vorid dsom nret i odd ©god xis was I
©; ■ ■■.-■•■■ - • a. . . o
- t . . .'! oT: m roiid 5c - .era to ax ' ••••■■
cf -ni ^o rq baa bur orx‘ fi ■■ nirfoda-iae ic- a v.ai I J
. t£'- grrirtcfex oB
.1 d .raid ©vidsn .a tea ex rfaxrxriS) doaltf sal
, ,11" 7197 313?.' x;©ii4 ?:©5 yi ev ?/pe I .ftei-rorrl
©•• I. fa daornla ^o-rdaaf
other f:rui ts on the island. These birds never go in
the bushes in the mountains, but live all the time in
the valley and more often on the plantations.
43
The Starlings here have the same habits as
everywhere else in the world, but here they are very
wild. The common feeding grounds are among the pastures.
I saw very few Kingfishers on the island. I
collected two on the side of the road and one on the
beach.
Three different species of White Eyes all live
together among the guava trees in the valleys. I saw
the three species feeding together on the same tree,
eating guavas. When I shot one, all the others flew
away so it was very hard to get two of the birds on
the same tree.
The little Humming-bird is the smallest bird
on the island. It is something like a wren. I saw
them more commonly on the ground in the grass. When
anybody comes near, they all fly to the trees and some-
times it is hard to see them among the leaves.
We saw the little Robbin (or red-breast) from
the houses to the top of the mountains. These birds
are very tame too. Some came to within two or three
feet of me.
The little Pan- tail was seen everywhere on
the island too. Sometimes they came to rest on the
end of my gun barrel and one rested on my hand for a-
while one day when I was in the bushes. She sat down
for awhile and from my hand she went to my head. One
ai o'f- oo'~c. e<bo’L a a on” . .aly i ?a;:
... > •: [r erfi ne - '• s-icr Mi* vsXI-iV erfJ
S£ e tf jt ci t i eras o lir fiV’iii 'hi Sgfii (."£*■?& ©rf'-
.3nij^8£«t Sf. 7y ; C- osa t • nor-* ct ■: v.
v'i:£ J.j.o asvb 9?i;iv, : xrf eo. l oe%a .taa'isVi Jr o eesri.
vf£.y t [*t erf? ni: d^si? svsrm erf? S«or?s3 serf? ©go?
t eei? ftrfiJ no -:e .lego? §rnbov : soi' b-;d oosrf? ©<• •
■ ■
iio &&• in eu-t or# tog >2 fnad %19V uMii i : •;••'• •>' ; ~
t? onw . '-i i :
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t t i betas a so'''? ox f s o ? \L tie isa? ,'Sjasfi s-smsa < '-u.
.ec.> ... I 9 : v. AT ; 0::' Sa'.i G -f L'- -O' l -■•
■tot? •.■' } fiiddo/l edj v*f; sY
i if ea .■; tr/c a o o-G,f *-/:,> o- ■:> a a
i ? r + »T . ? i so or? cxtjL'irf Iv ot a «0 ef!?0ti .ooJ eirai? -;sftv s’
, o, • " . .a
ftc T9.' 9 Y 5 !•'» e 1 Ci.'. X iXi? AV. v ft I ' ? £ ’■
9 ftf -O ? 3 «t; si sfisao ysaj. seini^eroor .op? .oii-ala / ©a?
g^jgrf no botasT sno brfa ieTTfjd rcx>?
n.wob ?*58 or: . -ierfs^rf erf? fix -3ar I ireffr y>b ere, - ■ "
;• , b^en oj ?new orfs fitful vr ino-'xJ fim W& trf^r
44
of them followed me one day for a long distance. I
stopped three times just to see what she would do and
she kept flying around me and when I moved ahead, she
came after me again.
I saw only two little brown Pinches in a valley.
I had a chance to shoot one and the other flew completely
out of sight. I showed it to many people, but nobody
had seen that bird on the island before. I searched
a large part of the island after that, but in vain.
I never saw an Owl on the island, but Mr. Quintall
brought six to me, two each day. He told me that the
Owl here has only one place where it lives, coming out
only at night, so he had to spend almost half a night
each time to get them.
1 never saw the small black Rail, but a young
man brought me one and he told me that it is very hard
to get these birds because they live in the swamps
among the high grasses , and they are very rare on the
island too.
This island is very small in size, but beautiful
at first sight from the sea. The pine trees all over
give it a wonderful appearance along the coast. In
early days it was a penal settlement for English con-
victs. The ruins of the settlement are still on the
island at different places. Sometime later it was
given to the descendants of the Boiinty mutineers and
among the people here I saw descendants of four members
of the Bounty. (Adams, Quintall, Critean and McCoy.)
.. 9 c.r- s i'& r.-.rfc I c% tot 9 no ©err oeWctlo't <00 u f '• 0
fib/i ox .olac.: o.{a \-fw rise Xta/c. sstruM eetr f 5 ecru 0 :; ■
. 0.1 « , bao/is 5 ev-j.'. 1 fnriv, bcsal are b;,..io , yje Xqtri :: .-Co
.axaga m ©mm
.v 9 I..jv . fix aeriocr:' owot-J o\fi ;Xn 0 vr/so 7
%X'a-; slqnro & ' r;s 7 'r: ©lib fina quo Jeorfe c3 &crt.xfe a b*./i t
’i&orfon -tur , 00 -jetiert o 3 31 beworfs . 3 u>i'k 1o lire
fieri 01* os 1 .Mo-led firsslax srfc no bt fc >.io«fc , sri
t ?r;<f t tsrtd tejla fifixtlaX
E t&fniap ,'z'l SsuS , 5r.-i ax s/fX no • I .0 aa w» a lovou I
flrii "b : ' v;n oIoX eva . mb rfcaa ova: , r,r 0 , xhj $ mmoio
5 /jo ?^ijBOQ , 8 »\’U ^ ; oieriiv 90 .t 5 j.cf .-.mo ^liao suri ©flterf fwO
fri>fn ’tI.b, JeofflJU baeqs 0 $ &srf erf os , 4 ri-v.i:u 3 a Jaa
.fflariJ 3 or. 93 nail 3 .0$ :■
, i .jK jfoaid Haiti 3
©. i
was
'XQvgn T
otari 'itov nl •
x tariX an
filoo sri
atfio
9 IT' uotef
seesaws ouj
ux bv j- r
a&nJttf ossri . 4 .r ©7
no ouai vrrav oib V9u„ ba. ,aoecia r xj ri; ' a/fr 300 jik.
. 0 0 v beta I si
X/i^Xr.iao;' jnd , osia it fi afire ty' ov u i hrtaX- i siriT
.
nl . ? '00 -_.jrrcl.vi eO 0 Btac.qq.rf. Xa? nor nor Xi ifi art
■-*■■ .<•• 3ar-'- tlt^os & 3 r " c ■ $ria .ob x i r
u,.- J- v emrXo/nofi 3 cjotfiriP lb Sa ? -1 i
fi d /' ■’ i ‘ f ■ -f Hi: 1 jd odd Jo s&a. ba&oest erl3 o3 cr©v|j
, ' .
otarf nI<TOQ<T ©/id yttonu
Almost two thirds of the population are descendants of
these four men. The island has no towns or villages.
The people live all over, separate from each other.
There is no good harbor, but the ships can find shelter
on both sides of the island, north and south.
The people live here happily like one family
and all friendly. Almost every family has its own
horse and buggy and many cattle. I saw very few sheep,
Just at one place. Very little of the island is
cultivated. Almost all is in pasture and some is still
wild. The most abundant fruit is the guava. Limes
and orange trees grow wild in the valleys. The guava
is the common food for most of the birds of the island,
and for many of the people too. I ate many of them
while in the field collecting birds.
Years ago a good many loads of timber were ex-
ported from here, but the government stopped it because
they wanted it for the residents to build houses. One
of the other exports was cattle, but that was stopped
too until the supply should increase. The only export
now is bananas.
The population is all white people ruled by an
Administrator under the xlustralian Government. A
small steamer calls once a month on the route between
Australia and Hew Hebrides. Sometimes they have a
hard time making it because of the rough weather and
bad landing place.
At Cascade Bay I saw a large number of whale
y,a I i x ' • t l ■ 0‘U C ;.l biu£:;l 9n f Xi/O'
•rar/inX it: so .c'. 1 /d , 7 o ? • r: s.i •
ivi: t- 4 'SOLI , £’f« r Ci 9:1- " 0 B9&1 11'':' ! ,:0
rrf'jarf- arced ftVJ-X ofcros;
a j ed : adrf \l- fflfe't .i cxr.iL . X bcco i . <' •- a*.
■
1
if xdS i ■ f>;u arc i/d S;.o t ::i His Jror'f.V .ba^vid i •
,jvi*;.rj 5 <srf*x .a-v9£l4V edd ax BXiw wo leg Be ete 35,fyr'io uaxs
i'
■ ,,;XX.~ 0?fe I .OOJ eiff09C[ 1 0
.izbtiiS. gai+oelfoo bis . e :ii >
:a -i ./sid ^:o 'Site o I ^ftexn boo: « oqte eias?
s-. • : v - < /ode •;*ts nrrog odd dutf ,e*rf>.i ox' hx-tio
..U.X’i/Xo ' f '' X »•:■ ’1 1 rte b r-09'2. -; 0 : : t ce.‘ .14' •• ; 9 :
-
:s» 'J to ox " .at-ionm': - lira : «v i t
.Sjsiliin.ed ::i To • •
. 1 .-. vcf bal irs olc[0eq 9tl&m fife si rtO-M-s.fi/qoq; asZ
nee tried ri ro*i ©rid ;o Id nor . ©oxfd oilao -.-e; feeds i. xrt.
a jy&d eeaid oiso< .aeBiidsH v/eU line wiX^: v? n.
;u . i i ri^jo’i t'.ii ■'io O044O90 dx • fer t ■ " >■:
, SOiiJq - i - : _
alii,!,; »o -j ocffTo/a: egrtjsl fe was I s6ao««C
"bones and the old sheds where the blubber was tried 4-6
out. They still have a few whale boats on the Amer-
ican style, but for a long time nothing has been seen
around the island.
Some Australian people used to come to spend
the winter here and go back in the spring. A few
boarding houses give accomodations to these people,
but there is no hotel. Some general stores at dif-
ferent places supply the residents with what they need
at moderate prices, so they live here comfortably and
very happily. Some of the old people have never left
the island and never expect to.
I saw twenty- three different species of land
birds on the island, some of them in very large num-
bers like Red Parrots, Starlings, Thrushes and one
specie of White Bye. The little green Parrot, or
Parakeet, is very scarce, but it is the same species
as that which is very common in New Zealand and the
islands around. The number of Blue Rock Pigeons
which live on the sea cliffs is very small too because
I saw very few. I saw only four large Hawks, two at
one place and one alone twice at different places,
but I never co\ild get near them.
Phillips Island. May 31, 1926.
After collecting on the mainland, I went to
Phillips Island to see what birds live there. This
island is very small and quite treeless. From the
sea it looks like a volcanic island because it is
fr ; - - i»dWM e,lc‘ oTSflV: a50i - 8lc> c> ic ba& f.s otf
■ 'xe.r/. 9xf3 iio aiLiocf ei^riw cat w.i Slits "srf-
-Xdsa rroacf ,oii gairfton f-J gitpX a tol tad .oivte ru oi
■
onsqa ocf Bftroc oi bat a olq caq aeiiarteaA oOtOc
?.’ 9 l A .'s-ni'iqa add o c tfosd og Bixe eiorf let civ ©; r
. aXcfosq osodS 0 " anoi.i*s&ofnot>o.a evig aaowon gc.tB.'Mioa'
' it #a raiota tax • >93 iw>oL . Xaiorf oa ;i o'xoji.r jfi/d
Bosn ^9fti furiw dS iw aiaablsei elS ^iqqtrtx soc^Xq 3 ;ors o* 1 -
bna v^-iC'-moc aiorf ovtX os ,«aoiiq etato&Girj
ttsl levwt ovs a ulqoea fcl ; erf* to smot , tqq*irf y <
-oS toeqx© xaven £h:£# bullet - ii
Bnel 'to seioaqa iuoiett in eerrrf ? -%tdpvrt k$« I
-a.;a apisl ^isv ai wail* to amoa , baalei ortt no ebiid
e«o bifs s -irfamrfT ,e?'ttiX'x«Ja .ed'ObtaX feofl ojCIX «iocf
i ( ' ,3 oi'xaSt rtosig eltf tiX erft .o^a e* idti to aiosoa
eoxoaqa nmsa add ax 1 1 tad , ©Qiaos \rio ’ c ,? 99 Tfafta c i
0. :t oas oQxiX oS r .eE 0 ' aom 00 '^ev ai no / w j.3 i «1 u-
enoe^Xt to:' auia to -reef ' ;a edl .baa ■,* afca*
aa.^sacf vo-t Xlaaia *ie? ai sttilc ass oat no eyJX rialjdw
tii ox: , jB 2 f«r^H eg.ia I ivot v;Ino via _ .'-'ot v»ao 1
coaler ••‘ooialT. ;:o t - eoi-t araoXa aero &«.•* oaaXq :;
• : s S i-3f> J : C - . -x OOO 10V I
0* X.ir.w I ,bnaIcio.- e X no gai ooIXoo i-att/
airii .S’" - av cl sb'x'rd tad* eoe ot ba /s i s-:li i M ; : '
.afv'-Isoit d'Xirp bos XX^me ! ^i#v :i b .-Aei
ti Si 98--aoacf ba^Xei oiaaelov s e^il eifopl i uev.
47
so red and without trees, hut when we landed we found
it part sandstone and part fine red dirt and rocky.
The only birds that were still on the island were Boobies.
The others had all gone away. We came here too late
for sea birds. I saw the nests of Noddy Terns and many
holes of different sizes of Shearwaters and Petrels,
but no birds around except Boobies. Mr. Bell told me
that the sea birds oome to the island only during the
summer months and go away in the winter. When we came
to the island we saw several birds, among which were
Diving Petrels, small Shearwaters and Wandering Al-
batrosses, but as soon as the weather cleared.no more
were seen. The residents told me that they had never
seen Frigate birds before the time we arrived in a
heavy gale, but all had -gone after the gale was over.
I saw several rabbits, black, gray and yellow. The
only land birds I saw were Hawks, one Pigeon and two
Starling. I only collected six Boobies and came back
to Kingstown to anchor.
June 1, 1926.
No more permission to collect birds, so we got
ready for sea this morning. It took a few hours to
clear the anchor and we got out from the island at
evening. The wind was very fresh from the north.
June 2.
It blew very hard all night. In the morning
we were visited by a violent cyclone for four hours
•< <S Jj. j w iia osi I
*Y - Y, So' Q,;'" ■ f„v.o onoj:*' ,-s .■• :
. o.vcdao’X -3?; fn'i&if i ■<• id nto Yf ids 9-re./ if. abiiii „Iac.>
3dsl OOd 919. 3T JO 9 >■ . fi .vjB OJjJOg Its 31G:Yo r i ; I
tyUir- him PAirB T >H o assort srtd wso I .efnitf set; to':-
, 3 ; oid$3 J'Tiii ; rsdso-u.soS o ess rc dqfaisrr ifc a c ? ->!■ xi
er ■;o.t I©£T .* ' . 8 e i ffqo£ d^90>:e FjCI/OTO Ori • ‘d
' _xr ijjt ;Igo- Basis- 1 e l or: ©a . o s oiler ass *• 1 da id
sfiao aw r:e ."sdiriw ©cid lxx vacs og filers eddnoin lar-fiwa
31 >w jitOlfv gflOi'Ii; , 8.f>*X i- <; 1319V93 ...~s OW 6x ; i J j ©dd O '
-U ■gyirebcw-' fins' anedsv.'iss/lg i fane , sXeitts’T
©*con on, hstaelo isridsew odd r.-,j nooa ea Jucf .as. soidai
I'evsEc da ■.$ en ■ Xod Bdfrafci'eei ori r x .risse ei«r
.is ro sat -pLo 9iiJ isJia anog. fisxi I Is d;;cf , slag
. v.'o ' < ov fin* vai*-, , HoaXcf , etflifaYi tore a way
o tf 5ns rto&j 1 1 ©go , soTwbH new was I aticd lino f ’.-/nc
Xoscf ©mao nSfc ..exdooE xrs fiedaslloo ^Ixio 1 ,-gai 'yd-?:.
.10 •; tis od £ , . T c 1 ••
.rjSJil , [ srtal
■ 9* , a vOel Xc •_> )d ixoYas Yiierr siom - ,
od ’??•': a tfood dl . > .oinio: • ... ru, aet -’.o'" ■■:
ty Rxfs : r; oo- 1 woi^ - d so dog .«w fins loriof's odd ijssIo
• lid t .i ©do moil .'la ©tf < r ^i©y ss'.v btixw eil5 , ... jj irxs^" s
gfi Xaoroxn srfd a i , diigin XIs &•?«*£ ^lev v.sXcf di
48
which almost sunk us. This was the heaviest one that
I had ever seen at sea and I hope to God it will he
the last. In the afternoon the wind and sea was a
little better, hut still rough. A large number of
Pandering Albatrosses, a few Royal ones and many black
Shearwaters were aroimd us.
June 3 .
Strong wind right along. A few birds around.
'.Tandering Albatross, White-headed Albatross, Stingas
(Gigantic-Petrel), Black Shearwater, Whale-bird (Prion),
Cape Pigeon were seen almost all day. Lat. 26 S.
Long. 169 E.
June 4.
Strong wind and high swell all day. A few black
Shearwaters were seen during the day and at evening
I saw one red- tailed Tropic-bird.
June 5.
^air weather all day. We saw one Wandering
Albatross, two White-bellied and Black- necked Shear-
water.
June 6 .
Fair weather in the morning up to noon when I
wrote these lines. No birds in sight yet today.
June 7.
Fair weather in the morning, but wind changed
to the east soon and the sea stays rough right along.
Some Red-footed Boobies were sighted about noon and
r fco€ O'. &q Oil . co s 8 a ;j asoa toy“ .".e,"
fi e*. ijoa &fi 6r. tv •r.;‘ aoo«ret**o ■ ©do rri e-ir
ill i - : &
tt : -
.au baucTB ois^ 8 :&J&v:z& 0 fi 8
.$ SKITu
. 6a>;o'irf solid" wo" A .gaolB tfrf^Xrt fcnlw gaoTie
, sao-r^vidii:. &9&j3©ri-e;f JtrfW , EaoidsrfXA ^.ila a ferial "
. 'uoiTi' bcM-cXi j i" , Sc-iia , (Xer-JeS-o Massif: •
.c dS . U\3a .veb X { •:• dsomla ctsea ©rsw aosgia 90 r.oO
.a SSI ,§.aoJ
t 0 1.1 }j \»
tfOBi'.f v'". tic. j ©WO OxO ) 0 *J OH : V/ r II ' :
ga/aovo .j.'i y.b *o 1 as:e nt©^ e r £B* av^iu ©if 6
■ o*r 1 . ■-oi' j O'xT 6© J. .ut? o./c l .v;-,R
■
?' i • j o oo o . \,o i: ClB tcsudsew o..
• O'jM'f. 9xit>r-..-:- r : •:'_ • -its 6&x.‘ [©d-e-t iiiV." owd , aaov-v-dlA
• isia?.
.0 J.iXT.
.1 iiorfw aooa o? if# jjniario/-. ©rfi at lod^orv ritr
b > f: o Miis X.;d .,:rai an; ^ ei3 a re rid 3 or. r r ..
. -• ao IB " {3 Li i^uci a\a$B so a aoJ &ob 1,00c ctsb? vdi o.-
bftti aoc -ttfodi 59?agl« srev/ aexdoof ©ore:..
49
at the same time we sighted the small Island (Matthew).
When we came near, a flock of Booties and Frigate birds
flew about us for a few minutes and then went back to
the island. The waves were breaking high on the rocks
on the weather side and on the lee side nobody can land
because of the cliffs.
June 8.
The sea continued very rough so we abandoned the
idea of going to another island, because it is almost
impossible to do any work in such a sea. 7/e hadn't
water enough to last us three or four days so we head-
ed for Aneityum Island to get a few tins of water to
last us until we reached Fila.
June 9.
Aneityum Island was sighted at daybreak. Today
is the first time that we have seen the South Sea
Islands. The sea is so lovely and the sight of the
coeoanut trees and the bright sun of the tropics gives
us courage again. Three Terns were seen about two
miles off land on the south side of the island, but
near the land no birds were seen. ’iTe dropped anchor
about noon and sent the boat ashore for fresh water.
The only white man that we saw was Mr. Willson, a
trader, who came to the beach to find out what we
wanted and ask us if we had been in Fila first. Our
captain told him that we just called in for fresh
water because we had none on board. In the afternoon
I went in the bushes looking for birds, but not col-
. -vsi ‘tijM* off. Q'si £isa:t on. ri a X3 «r amid emee e J
Sfett# ^;XI^ fttta .,X(J00c ; to jfOOXt 3 ,TRtXI OfllSO ew
oi sfoatf -jriifi?. aorfJ ona eocfxmlin wot a to':" ass iiroefa ■. -.z
a" : or e 1 ao c ( • .ii ,'t, . J slow smw ox£5 ,ori;uI-:. ' s;io
ftn... • t it) Co uon ovi- >-»! -nut ao bun ©f>.ta -lOii.ijsew 3 - ao
.sir'i xlo ont to ©exoioo
,8 S«£fT,
6 fid • bsafo.&rtBcftj or. oe rf$xjQi ytev bosses itixpo $oa &d r l
•jfao La 8 Ji saaaoed r ferial ai 'xsrttorm od §aia§ to .ob i
•J ' , oiirf a.. .ass a iioau fix ^lo’v van ob od slaiaeo con*
-basil ew os #^4 6 *tao5 to soa.id ei/ d&al .od ajuroao TPiaw
*
oi "radar.’ auii wst b des oi bnalel mtf^diorrA tot :
.Air. bedtui&t »w U mu a if ie. I
. 6 SOl/L.
.olaoTd- ao da 5©.tfC«ie saw baa fa I mint d is a-
jtiScJ MttsSt: < l noo8 ovarf e . daiid enld *ea£t erfd si
>-fi to .Triple o.id firm ^lovoi o» ax ass oil .ebaefol
io rj ox- oid <'rii to r ;e i "i ; -tcT old ban eseii d.rnaoooc
ow? daotfa ases trie* entsT sot; i «a.rag*s e-
i (<■ .ft: tii 3 I fuii 0 SD i ft dm S 9 :1 . 1 0 haul tto E!9ii
.B896 Stas soiidf on i>caX end i#et
.isiae d')':'' tot stfoifaa .•••o-., erii rtn-i bn- 10 m i • ■
.
,crox f r‘7 caw wx58 ew da rid nanr edirfw itXao ■-•
■
tssO .•io'ixft aXH cx iieacf ba/l sw tii Bid.; ^Esa fen« ftadna-'
no' i 6 el lac de ;q cr* dx. rfd nixl iloi crmdnao
joo its it a arid nj .bi-aod no eaoa 5a_i ew aaaaoecf - o- n
-i*o ? o n dncf t 8biid -sot gai^oo! esxfexcf ortd ni d ne'
looting. Right on flat land I saw a few small birds;- 50
Honey-eaters, White Eyes, Pan- tails. Shrike, Robins,
Yellow-belly -- this bird has a white throat and black
ring. I heard a few Doves calling, but never saw one
near. I saw a large Hawk, Grey Hawk and Galinule , but
I got very few of these birds. Mr. Willson gave me
permission to collect a few birds, so next morning
I went ashore but it rained almost all day. Then I
went on Friday morning, the 11th, while the crew on
board straightened up the things in the hull. I went
up to the top of the mountains, but found no birds,
only some on the flat land and very wild. Mr. Willson
told me that there were some Pigeons on the island ,
but not many because the natives have been shooting
them right along. There are not any regulations about
game, so the natives kill the birds all year around.
The main business of the island is timber and some
copra. Oranges are plentiful and very sweet. Sugar
cane grows thirty feet high but is not so sweet.
Water-melon grows well too. Manioc is the main food
of the natives.
June 14.
We left the island about three p.m. with a
fair breeze. Ho birds were seen outside the island.
June 15.
At daybreak we were abreast the south end of
Tanna Island. There was a light breeze all morning
and no birds were seen during the morning. We sailed
with only the foresail in double reef and staysail and
Oil "'t.i'd' X 1 3X36 a V 3 a : hiiJaX da " no d ’ '. tH .'faiddai
, r.i , ?xx-j;.L , si uid-tto'-' r v ’■ . , ;is? e on
doxild 'aa daox;i'd ad.Mw . • tiari 5iid y i id ■ -- ^1. X «->d •'
.'"io v»;is •s 9 van ducf . -sri :. i :' ao gotcS vol firiaari .$nri'
. 3 i/d , sXuuitaQ fona jfwail ^6ir' ,SwbH sgml s was I .xaon
en- ova nos: i'" .iM .sb’TXo' eaexid Ire wel \; s ev . •.? ;
gaxHTOffl Jxen Od , &frxxd we* s d G •-.
I noriT .'^ab lie dao/rla becuai di dacf aio is-j da */
cto weio erid slirfw , rfdll srfd , gaimcom •’abri^ no daew
•a or l . Ili/ri 9rij nl e^aXcfd erid qx/ &ofi9drislB*rda biacd
,a6iid on fent/Qj dad , aniadcaocer arid Jo q od odd od '<*.
« 08 XX XV. ,t.a . dXX 47 . ov cnu 6aaX dai*t arid no excuse T ^ r
fc.,.:::, •'... . ' f, ;0 , • ' O 7/ ' - 'X i 1 ^ J J X J f ' ’
-nidooria need avari sevidari odd earns cecf ^n«m don datf
daodi, eijo XdaXifges ^na don qib oieriT .gno la drfgri '0 '
• bnaoife *£B9 t ; IXa ahrcf 5 rid XlXri E^evidan add ok , aiaar
o.bc- 8 fnw lodmid a feeaXei e.-d 'to saectiedtf aJta«i erf'l
,da*W3 ;'rav hna litfidflsXq e-xa aegflanO .aiqoc
«deewt 08 doa ax dad ricsiri deal ^dxidd avronv a;-.. 0
hood liXacn idd b 0 aim ,ood 5 lew awoi: ae fete- nod.
.£1 sauX.
« ddi.. .,u,q eexdd oria orujXsX odd d‘- aX od'
. . : odd ebiediio cteos e*row e5xXcf on. .sseenri xXs5
' o hD8 rid ao a odd d ex; e x da atevr ev daexcf^a! di
gaXnxorr Ua eseexd d rig XI 3 saw exeriT .fioeXsl - na
bsIXao aV ,'gaxniOBT arid pnixab aeoa exow eSxXtf on orxa
6a.-; fXae^ads b::a leex eldxroB ax Xiaaoxo* adi \Sa c rid ?r;
51
jib. At noon the captain let out more sail and we
expect to reach Pi la tomorrow morning. At one p.m.
I saw one large shearwater with a black back and neck
and white breast, but it went out of sight again very
soon. Nothing more was seen during the day.
June 16.
Pila was in sight at daybreak and we made for
the harbor and dropped anchor at 9.30 a.m.
Pila Town, the capital of New Hebrides, is
very small for such a good harbor. It is quiet like
Suva harbor all surrounded by land covered with ever-
green trees and coconut palm groves. i went ashore
to see the town, but there are no roads, only simple
trails and a few European houses and stores and not
any strees. The group has two rulers and two flags,
British and French. Two dogs at one bone.
I went out to collect one day, but it rained
very hard all day. I saw many small birds on the
sides of the road. Ground doves are plentiful every-
where and several Clementin doves called from the trees
near the road. The white eye is the most common bird
on the island. I saw a small cave with a lot of
small bats.
Efate Island, June 21.
We left Port Vila in the morning and dropped
anchor at Undine Bay at sunset. The view of the land
was beautiful and the sea in the bay was like an oil
lake.
I
O' -
v oeii boo desd -is, a I'ljfW i -■ ijtrfee/.y *W l ' 1
' ~SV r 1 :.V i. v ' ' ' 0 J 0 3 .1 9Vv ; 1 3-Utf . .
. SO si' -1 •aai'T^b aaeo aaw entotn ^ntbiot
,6.1 omrV,
„(n,« 0?,i* ta no dons £>-aqqon& bns -tOdusr: ©di-
al , eobinded well Jo lisci iqso erfd , nwol alii
erfii ,*slirp; el J. .nocTn*d Bqc§ 6 dooa toJ II, ere i/nri
-'ia re ddiw 6 ei 6 vo© ‘ ba&i ^cf bebrnro una II-s locf^il I".
Jnor j .uovoir rrisq ^'.''Q®oo 6ns eaoi J i.kc.-
.•;• • : -o . ■•; ■•.>,. o ■■'-• • o el.".: v " -• -I ei ' a ->’
Xiori a f : ■' . ■ 1 • I edi
, 2 ^fj owJ bm eieXiit o\?d &&& qrroi^ sdl ,aeei?8 T £tt>:
. enotf ©no -in a§oB 'oWr .dose'di fins tfsiJ e C
c o.i iei ts iisc f . vs 6 ,-ao Joe I loo o J Ji.ro tisv? I
vtw no sfeilrf IXsiae $mar -sb I .Jgab I lx. biarf v # iot
-vqovo i-:J riPi.r ext e -ob ScnoiC . 6soi eo-t Jo 9
{r -j odi . - vri- £^j. Iso s&vob aiScwaielO Xeiovoe ’ou ' --e.
;-,iic r [tor moo ison odd si s^e eJifiw so' .fisoi ©rii th-b:x
Jo Jo I j iijjtw 0- i>: J I- ■ •• is Wiitl 1 .biislei O' C
, aJsd I l.ol'0-'
. 1 S seta :•• , bi.ai-B'I 0 J y rk
beiqoib baa ynitnon? ed al sir ito? Jlef eV
hnsf e J to neiv edO. .d&bdfifi Ja oci bn'T Jfi nosers
Xio as sifXX esv q. d odd ni sse srft nils • Ji.Jji ec bxs-
. vi'.. I
Port Vila, lew Hebrides Is.
52
June 19, 1926.
Dear Dr. Murphy:
I am very much surprised that you did
not send me any word about this Expedition! In your
last letter to me about a year ago, you said that very
soon you were going to inform me about the new plans
in the future, but since then I have never heard a
single word from you about the plans of the Expedition.
Mr. Beck told me that he knows nothing
more of your plans than I do, but I was told by somebody
in Aukland, N. Z. , that this Expedition goes until 1932,
that that was the report that came out in the annual
Museum Report. I thought that I might expect to find-
some letter from you, but all the same old story (nothing),
so we don' t know what you intend doing in the future.
We just came from the rough Dew Zealand
sea and had bad weather all the way outside of the Tropics*
I tell you that this schooner is not suitable for sailing
outside of the Tropics. In the Tropics we go all right;
warm weather, and in the case of a gale wind, we can get
to one of the islands, but not down in the South. On our
trip from Norfolk Island to here, we ran into the center
of a very strong cyclone on June 2nd. Everybody in the
ship thought that they were never going to see land again,
but God did not forget us in the middle of the furious
ocean. My wife became very frightened after that, and I,
: \;riqxuM .T(I n/ioG
bifc fso y, Jszrtj bsnl%q-tvfi rtoixnr xisv na I
■i - jo i kI JeroMxbdqpta eidd tnoda Stow \j,Ub an base tfoa
•.;TeT darid bias rro'i , ops, *ra9\j & dtrotfa cm od neddeJ deal
e ulcr v cn edi duo da ©m itrsolni od griio^- sno-v xro.'i raoci
a E-naarf ievon ©van I cterf^ oonla t'isd , 2 >nod a* odd rti
.ncidica act erf* *o aaro! ; a.- tf thd4a sr>\ mo** blow slants
^airfdoa swoxxtC erf dadd 9m Blod jfcaE .iM
^Bodsmoe Blod saw I dx/d" , o& I aarid enalq two^ ©non
, S 5 CI Xxdmr s ->cg ae tti&S'pcS Bifid da J .T , .. ,B , Ban I kg A c i
la ;nrtB arid nr dxro 9 mao da rid d*xc qon arid axsw da rid dand
hi od fe@iX 9 td«i£ia I i&.ti id^.isodt T .JncHjefi w/epnG
yni iiors) ^todc. &I : e.~n arid Ela dccf , sso non' ns^d-G v ■ •-■
.9Todn'- 9 rid ai raioij Saeda t iio . dariw ,voa< d 'nob ew
DoeiasS 'C9il rf^/jon crid won’? ©nseo dexrfc oW
• & ffTorr . ©i{; lo afciadflic ©fid I Is 19.W8OT Bad &U& at.
$ailiae 10* eXdjsJxm: -to a ai naccodoa aid? da rid t/oc Jtled
; d .{« : .i Cla 03, a?, r©l<j< rT orid ai ,e© iqo'-c? arid !to ef>i* >
•v-4 : -io aw . BaJt-w alfi^ a ±0 ajBJue add air fefiu f taritfaasr msw
nadaso odd' odrxi fist o?. r f sneri od fcnalel dlo^noll won* qind
arid ai v Sod^n^vB .6«3 aai'ri= ao eriof 0-40 ^nonds ^nov 8 ^0
ai8^e Boat ©&s od srtiog nevsa anew dadd' ?d^aor(tf qidc
soo inift odd 'io -Ibbtsv odd ai ea do^ne’ don tib 60S
I Boa , da rid ndtl . &8«©d riginl \.iuv ©nujoecf a%i'®
too. She does not want to go on the schooner any more
for far away trips. So I want to let yon know about
my plans here on the ship. I had planned to leave the
Expedition next month. That had been the understanding
between me and Mr. Beck in Suva last year, because he
did not want to send us home on a vacation trip. When
we came to stay about three years more, he said that
he might not be staying more than a year or so. My
plans now are to stay just until next April or May,
and then my wife and I are going home. The matter of
our returning to the field is for you to decide, if
the terms suit the Museum and us. But if the Museum
does not need us after next May, your silence is
enough of an answer.
Our best wishes to you and your family.
Yours faithfully,
Jose G. Correia
•-t.j.” ;.;a '.u- erf? uo of ol : seo'.-. •:■• • > — ' '
?;.orf£ wo;x:l ao\ : I o,’ doa*? I o‘d .eqtei ^3iws re!-
Oi& 9 vsel ad &»nnal<i ,6erf I -cfiriE a 'd no ererf sKBlcr v/.n
^iribris.tstefena srf? need h&d darfl .rfd com dxsn noi d IbeqpeJ-.
erf eemoed ,x*n deal xm;8 ni rfdet .**» &aa 9® asested
'iQ .qtTrf rxorlaosv a no a mod a*; fee© a oi doaw doc fcirf
?add rfxss erf- ,9*i0ffl S'sbs'^ 99*xrf? txrocfe ’44 d 8 o? erao ew
- . - . - de
„ ,-sM ic •i'r'fA tx&n I rdnir daxr£ ^ade od era wok easier
rft ,8 6 ioeb o.1 y o ' ‘ a a* ,; .■ ?. 1 3 .r? sitd et xai.rv .dro: -ikc
mireexf." odd l‘i dxxfl .c:; ! cm nxisao’rf ©r'd d ixr» emried c il
gi eono! to itrot: , -;sM d :er: rsl'rfjj ayx seea ion a 90b
.i-Bwana ri« ^0 rfjj.roae
.rlrfm^ r:;o'v; &: f s xrov. 03 aarfaiw dss'I u.r0
, ^11 rfi'dlis* 3?.noY
4 if- :ro. .-9 oad.U
June 22.
54
The weather was a little damp in the morning
when we went ashore to collect. We landed at the mouth
of the creek and I went to the east side for awhile,
and then found a trail to the forest, so I went in until
I came to the top of the mountain. The first birds I
met were the beautiful ground doves. Swifts are very
common everywhere. While crossing the coconut grove
I saw a few parraqueets flying from tree to tree and
a few warblers too. When I reached the cotton field
I saw several white-eyes and some green finches. At one
dead tree were several wood swallows which I collected.
Before reaching the forest I saw two long-tail doves
in the grass and a few wild hens. I saw a wild bull
and cow wandering around in the forest. Way in the
forest I saw a few Mangerin trees full of fruit and
hundreds of parraqueets eating it. I saw a large bird
resting in a tree and at first I thought it was a hen.
I shot it down, but when I picked it up I found it was
not a hen but a mallaui This was a very rare bird , so
I started right away to search for more and a little
later I got one. A large area of land in the forest
is full of coffee trees of an abandoned coffee planta-
tion. The ground is quite covered with coffee berries
and there seems to be nobody to care for it. The old
trees are all in straight lines about five feet apart,
and at the edge of the plantation I saw a few small
cement tanks and a long galvanized pipe which came
from the creek above, but no water was running in it.
.:- :s .
snxaTom axid ai qmb el-:tx i acw taiidc8’.v erfT
tit 'non ‘Hi* da & "'•_, .tjl . ..loelioQ od 3i rfsjs tfiiow evv tienv
,;-*IrriT«i to"- o&l 8 ^sa& odd od Jls i bac ieoio arid 1-n
fidnxr dl detew I oa -.o" erid od XI,- <'d 3 frmxo* civ or pan
I fcxiicf deiil ex»T .ni,sdaixo.c ©xtd fo qot ©rid od emsn ;
^tgrv ©us sd' i-. ,aavc 6 &ai/oi£ Xxix tJu ecf add alow ,i e
evoig dxmoooo a.|? galsaoie ©XixfY, . oieor/iovo flomctoo
nets esid o esi3 rr -i^ adeen obiub ' w©} 3 wes I
blgi" coddoo ©ad &erioc®i I aai " ,o or eiaftficw we'i «
©no 3A .aerConXdt «9$?§ sms bae ao^s-sd Mw Icievae was I
.bsdooiXoo j‘ Quin a wo I Icwa bocw Xctov.db ©iev. ©eld fu- .:• .
8©vof> S risd-^noX Qwf . 1K8B I iosiol arid &aMo,aoi ©lolsS
fl*»j blrw a wbc I .snail Xiw wa'i « &ac aeci? end ai
odd ac \;cW .dseio*! arid ai 6naoix> ^oiiebiinr woo 6rxc
tciB 3 '•' o 1/ _■ sooid iris^n?!.! wo'"- & wjS'o I 3 a Dio':
bixd a^ual s wc« t . di ^niJB© adoaxxpaiixiOi lo abai&non
.n©ri a 88« di :)ri; /odd I 3a*ril - da bnc ©aid a ai .a ideal
SbR 31 bnxro?: I is di hsio-lq I asriw dxxd . mvo ?• 31 dcxlf.
Of , 5liO r Oliil ^TSV fi 3377 SXCH) lSf &i L&P 3 dXXCf OOri B dorr
©IddlX 3 b'.is ©'xoxn io'i ri oi73 98 o3 Tysv«j dxly.xi be>ti£ *s
dasaoT on'd ai Baal *i a 3 ©ib qstxbX a .ano dcs I i©3ci
-Bdaalq; ool’ioo bsaobaiid'B as to seaid 99 II 00 >0 CXnl nl
ielnetf ooSrloo ritflw &01 ©too odi:/r si barms orii’ .no 3
bXc orCT .3 i sot o t :jo od ^&odea ecf o3 & : 199 a aiorid Bob
f d -e' 9 vl'i dixod '3 caax dri-s i .arde a ; IXx ©ix ;■: »id
^ne v,'©3: 3 1 n id. duBXq said lo ©gB© ©rid 3c ’ : ■
©rase rioirfw 9qxq 5as ia«via>. mho I 3 5aa cxlaad 3 a 0*100
. 3 ; ai 'ainaai eew isds* on #xid , ©*/o da is ^10 odd r.'oii
There was also an old cleaning machine, bat all these
things had not been used for a long time.
The most common birds around were doves ( four
different species live in this island). The pigeons
are the same species that we found in Samoa and Tongoa,
and in the Lau group in the Fiji Islands. The black
pigeons are the same as those we found everywhere at
Samoa, Tongoa and Fiji. The Clementin doves here are
a different species from any of those at the other
groups, and have a different call. I saw the ground
doves under the orange trees eating the seeds of the
rotten fruit. There are a few small birds in the
forest. I was on the lookout for sooty flycatchers
and thrushes, but did not see any today.
June 23
I took the same place today. I was told to
keep a good lookout for mallaus, thrushes, sooty fly-
catchers. The birds that I saw today were the same
as those of yesterday. I saw three mallaus, but a
little far away. I collected one sooty flycatcher.
I saw one thrush, but it flew away. Large green doves
were in the highest trees in the forest, 30 some of
them were spoiled when they hit the ground. I got
two of them and three Olementin doves, three long- tail
doves and a few other small birds.
June 24
Tie went ashore a little late today because we
had a few birds to skin in the morning. I got two
I ; 0 oJ i . b&etti ; >ec 3 oj B-jen > .c . r
snot neve a v'.sv b afvrlcJ no.-ivctoo Saoxir e.T„
eabo: - q :■ d"* .jf-BcusIef el It a '• e* l I ••; ' '••.3 t »?“
« . ;c ' ,i : ai Pa ;o/ s •• eel coo;, a:\yf-, X ■* *•...;
ioBlcf OilT .c Bn® Is I It i'll exit li rpsor?. asi 9ii. a!
3'jj 3X9ir'- Bt jol ev n& ri3 a a <wa«s £ erix i«c -- :
■ tx els ! a-ovoB alsnerrolC' o. T . t IT boa ao^ao'.' .xscr;
to. o orirr 3® eeoxi3 ~o src aoioecre . aaio ' ■> ;
i.'Hi/cj-t j out 3 7 T.cs I .II. so 1 ' ■n'i^xf? . -rr-.-i >ru« .or.
i
tgf>3 rii o bi M- .'law® wot a at® 01 oil'.'. . 3 b/il :o:Mc
'
r ,a astsj-t.
o3 Bio 3 Sii®- I ,^®6o3 coaly axnac or! 3 3foo3
9?5dfc &43 6 c ■:• •■■ 5 c : vase I 3,8x13 •: ,: i !:■ -&H 1 ' .fi oaoJ&o
; 3xrd , oj/bX tarn eeitir was I .^jsBiov b&v' to osocit • ..
.T»i! 'jlar.' V.i. ^tOOS 9X20 Bo.lo&llot. 1 .<££’.7® tb' §13 a X l
y&voB esai'i e^xaJ . wsl't 31 3xrc t xlaxr tdt on 0 .j3
to Qfflos os , : : 3910.3 exit si soot? ari? rji natv
• BnfOlcg on 3 Jil \,8ii3 its b.o/to.q - •■';•••
Lia3-gnoI ocs .3 .ustoB ailnomalC oo.satf &cus arod.0 .
.sBiifct Ilaffif.
S§ ofr.oI,
03 dtiil 813311
I .%(! ■•ftion sxi3 c
010 a® ; new s'l
ai> r c o 3 8 bile' 09 *' a &B
0 v - 3 tea
raallaus and one thrush. 1 saw two more thrushes. Tout
they flew too fast. One mallau called, but I saw it
fly away at a distance. i saw several old nests, but
they were more common on the edges of the creeks. Once
in a while I saw flying foxes on orange trees eating
the fruit.
June 25- July 1
I went to the same place for five days, but
only on two days found four redbreasts , -two each day.
Mallaus are very common birds on this island, so we
found them everywhere. On July 1st we moved the ship
to the east end of the bay in the morning. I went
this morning over the ridge of the mountain, but the
place is very bare, all full of grass and only a few
big trees in the canyon. Very few small birds were
seen about; on the ridge I heard a few pigeons and two
mallaus. I found a hen's nest on a fern tree about
thirty-five feet above the ground with two eggs in it;
this is the first hen's nest that I have seen on a tree.
I came back to the ship at evening, mostly empty handed.
I wanted to shoot anything that came in sight, but I
got practically nothing except two mallaus and six
small birds, one pigeon. I saw two thrushes, but they
were too fast.
July 2
This morning I took the hill side and one creek
On the hillside I saw only a few small birds, but in
the creek I saw several sooty flycatchers and thrushes;
I got one of the latter, and the others flew very fast
, * s • . i ©to:; v • ; x .. .. .
.*.. • .t v. ' r ,s.:.
. ■ 'd ■ :-Ll;y O'J. . , ;S# 0 o ro ^
... i . -q LI: [mere i .tvmiirf ai& a u -'O.; v.,I*
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U '• 3 .... '. • oO - ti . I ;> I LfiV* JB '(
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oo , ha -.}! v 1 fiirld: as ©Mil aorvtoe \;i 37 ©xt auni U '•:
q tie oil 6*<va.fi aw 18-1 ;!*/& nO . o'X©fxw^io79 meril onjfo't
rtu-rr I .^aiotoai oitl cii ■.;£.! orfi %o fen© ieao © fi o5
•> UQ . ■ r 1 i • J C r + l - ' 5 1 v :; • •' 0 ;u; ; rxo ’ ’ ai
#©.5 - ."o b t;„ . ...... r :^ to I , oxad \j~ ev ex e. .j"
■siar acr.irf flame : v 9 i ^to .• .no^nao odd ax o©»*xd 3 id
cftfo'ixj oiij at o'! ii r;a ?©oa 8’aexi s 'batfol I . wniinr
.
. babxio. v-Jgfiffo v;. ?3pm , 7 * Laavo 5a aixla odd 6« loac arnet .
I .. er;.Oo j,b:j . ' :. L.J OC'riV, : . .-;.. .
- • :• ; n, • . ; 0 • •: ,• croc .' :ui£ .,orc . I.. .
■$d$ xrcf .oo ..r it or; 5 -xss I .aoe^J-cr on ar.'r * :
. 5 eal col o • -v
. o©to ©ao oae o5is IIx.:. oil .loo i I -^axntom ©iiR
fit ? • • , a &':r |rf v?a. « 'Si no I ox- fli. or. 5 .
r? ■ %• 7 © : ' et&di O o.fv -t© , '£sls£sl ad; :.o oao ov-
and were lost in the dense bushes. There too I saw 5 7
several sooty flycatchers, but did not have much of a
chance at them. I shot four, but only found two. I
heard many others call in the thick vines on the tall
trees. I heard a few mallaus call, but I shot only
two. Everywhere on this island I saw many abandoned
plantations of all sorts, coconut, coffee, cotton. The
coconuts grow up under the trees, and the cotton and
coffee is over the ground.
llguna Island, Hew Hebrides
July 3, 1926
This island is only three miles north of
Efate I. and has a few small villages on it. The
highlands are grass covered, but the seaside has some
very big forests and is all volcanic. When I landed
I did the best I could to prevent the natives going
with me, but in vain. Three of them followed me all
morning and two more joined us about noon and never
left me alone all the day. The forests are very dense
all over and very few birds were in the trees. The
first birds that I shot were a large light hawk that
was resting up on a dead tree on a banana plantation,
and one small cuckoo. The natives with me made such
a noise that they scared all the birds away. 1 told
them that I didn't like them to follow me because they
drove away the birds, but they kept on going just the
same. I heard some thrushes call and saw one, but it
was too quick. 1 also heard a few thick heads, but
got only one in the afternoon. The natives said that
1 -
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3 v o nSJGTui doa bifc :• ji ■ oriotfso'.. L ! rdoou U,- »‘r > c
I ,0t,’d £>, .-o' 4 - ^itxc
dad
, 1 ;
•tor.f: I .xoorid
.r & O C . ■' :
'lac i“lo.t?o
fl’n '■?)■' a fnas.-i
or ;j 6n , G3 ..iXicr sms 6na r el eirfd no a*0ri-w^Tev£ .c.'-.i
aria . -ofttoc , sec’ 'a .dxmoooo .sd'xos 1 la ?o aai t
hOi: TtQdd .;-d 9.\j' hiu- , a 6 :>?* arid is-irfir qrx/ v.; i> adi/ndco .
.ifu/otj r>itS i-»vo si so' >o
goo vxsa , 'SialcI ani/sri
dS€I rirrb
"ro rid i on I. Un ofirfd v iac gx Baglai :. hi 1 !
.1 ir <.''-r>ul Liv ■ Lb it., wel & Bad & 3 .1 odd..'-
,
. ., . lov ils ■ foe s j ■■:: ■" git ■,
|frio*x aavidan aria ane’re'rq; od i dsatf arid 616 I
c jv : fell' c . " .rod' 2 • . ' actio fc •' •. •• . Ovj r i gaiai o
•‘2:'xo& Vi'&v orr* sdaeio^- Arif .v,«& orftf X fs a no la onr
I !■■ -■- -• 'T ' '■ -. but; '.■ ' :
.v,.id >:'/eri d-rigi : es--: =1 3 9 t»«r 3c : -i I darid effxlri JRtf!'
.uoit^-tnol' aa&narf * so sat'd ca-3& 3 no qja raldC' ■ e*>t
; 3 rv- : on; ri.: it- .*■£ idari eri'* 'loirc 1 r & , . :%( I..-r.;
5Iotf • , aui ref arid XJui beta 0 3 v»rfd dfirid oa ion 3
•• ad • aa wood j 3 . Xo5: od inririd 3d-. IS d ‘aBifc I d-arid wo rid
d \ • •: go dqf.e-r d./tf , Gbtic arid \;ew*j ovott
d j Jirri ,«ero was Bna IIjbo aea -rreri? ono biaeri I .«f.tes
J..J t sb*;3'i io.crid ws" 3 &xeo.i oela 1 . oxjrp ooi axi.
there were plenty of mallaus all about the woods, hut gg
I never heard nor saw one. Some wild fowl were about,
and I shot one hen. The days are very short so we don't
have much time in the afternoon for collecting. The
most common birds here are parraqueets and white-eyes.
A few Clementin and green doves call from the trees ,
and once in awhile a long tailed dove flies by. The
ground doves are more common around orange trees.
July 4
Creat day in the United States of America'.
The 4th of July was spent quite lonely on the
Schooner France, anchored near the iiguna I. This is
the third 4th of July that we have spent in the South
Sea Islands. Where will we spend the next? I expect
in America, and hope so too.
July 5 Mau Island
We left Nguna I. in the morning and arrived
at Mau about eight o'clock the same morning. We landed
at Lagoon Village, and after Mr. Beck had permission
from the Chief, we went off to collect. 1 did the best
1 could to avoid company, but in vain. The procession
after me started with one and increased to nine by noon.
These people here may be related to the Samoan people.
I went up to the peak in the center of the island , going
up one canyon, but it was very dense. I saw two gallin-
ules fly from one side to the other, but a little far
from me. At one big tree i saw several green doves, but
I got only one and one young long- tailed dove. One man
- ■ ' - • ■
c a*. 03 i t o :l \7ev stj 3 Q'4-i fc t$E .£S0ri eao Jor I bn....
t Z . q»X to*' - . .T'O-.' u'ieJtii * ai ©mi? f'oxrr: r
.EiS" t 9-9 ; id. feati s?9©,;f>iii x&rj ©ix; sit'd ebi' a go; iol c'B.*a
, eoetij otfj C!0_Xx I la© bqto& nejn bna ttUaeraoIC wol L
Of® .^cf eailb a vo 6 6 9 1 xa s io I a ©I Adia a r ©cue £••..••
- ';i? c>u / 3 fen ova u MO; eauirt oijj oavoft . ;;rc
£ 4 lift
Xo aoia&t i on ; n <;sb ^*9T-:
saJ . jo ^leaol ©Jfs.ro tt'riec • sex Pin, bro rfJ [> ©if!'
■.
•Joaoxe I ; . '*■■ ' B '
.oo? os sqon bria . at> »r
fcaale J . & iXv •
6 >vf Ti- :fl.o Td5‘:a*rcui ad? ax .1 sarr^H J . oi o'"
.
a-p fee !-ts8<t h. ; rf doofi .tM cna , efcailiV coo?^; Ja
jued 9 il 3 bife j .Joelloo oJ tto Jtrov sw .IditfC ortj no”'?
r')xaG0C"3-r. ©rfY .aiav a i Jatf , 'pyjrTJofc biova ..? b Use ‘
a oo :? i-rixc :•? isBasioni baa ©no i? i? aeJ'.^lc. am tsk
. a r ogr acoasat. oJ fto-jalei ©rf - v ara onod eljjooq ar on?
.aio? . bfiala r @di 1c isJnao axis? at Xasq sriJ oJ qtf Jaett 1
.Mia; ovd v-vs I .sea©5 ^vov eax Jx Joe .ao^aeo 9, o qp
o; ?il a J of ,io4Jo e.U oJ sbia ado movb.
ltd , jovoX aaois f^iovea was i soi? §icf sao JA .©.:. rao*"’
(W p . : „? -gao I qnao\; ©ao baa ©no * 4 la; ? ■
OBIS 3EW
59
followed me all the way over the mountain and when we
reached the crater in the center of the island, we met
six men working, hut all of them left their work and
took part in the procession, so now I have seven after
me. One of them showed me two different kinds of trees
and told me to he careful about them. One of them,
he said, if it came in contact with the tender skin,
made it itch sometimes for weeks. The milk. of another,
from the leaves, getting on the skin, brought on the
balomoon skin disease. These two dangerous trees are
very common in the Mew Hebrides. There is no lave on
the crater of this island, but very good soil which is
planted with coconut trees, bananas, some tarro, and
plenty of sugar cane. I saw very few birds there, but
heard mallaus call at two different places, but the
people chased them away with their loud cries when they
called me. I told them they had better not follow me
because they bothered me in ray work, so they sent two
little boys back, but the seven big men followed me
just the same. 1 left the crater and took a road to
go across the island with the idea of coming back over
the south side of the island. A little ways down 1
met a man at work in the plantation and he showed me a
nest of the ground dove with two baby birds in it. i
brought the young birds with me because I think that
Mr. Beck would like to bring them up and send them home
for the zoo. At one small tree with red flowers on,
I collected a few red-headed Honeysuckers , and saw one
Tahitian cuckoo, but I had no chance to shoot it.
ardt t>ms ndx-T '/ or:;; * -,r: u - I i'a S' rowo II- : _
hag ’Her-" t 3 1 mf-vi..: if-a t'-nc , % lirlio v aa«j ;.c a
aso Vc f : r;l ; •; i > or/; on bowcdo rtrout 'to gnl .o; 1
.
, ai" !f: ictne ; o:ii di fr. toxtf-fioe ai o^se •: i ti , btua ©d
.
odt 30 tri^roicf ,aMe ©rft .10 joitto® , fcovuel odt 1 oil
9 is tiooit anoiogayfe owU oaedu .sssnaib aide aoocrolati
no erst, erx ei oto-T .aebxic >3 oiici nr no- noo tjorov
r, : ,;0 ■ liOfc f: . ,V7 >J , b . i ■; L-- '•.
cia> , oust p- -r, .aasscrstf , aoeit tuocoooc rftii.&etrxsiq
.. , le - . ease zz&jb Vo \;tnelq
6. + .tfcf , 5 oral t. cr rh ovrt to 1X^-0 az&ilMcr Vised
.it nedr coino f.uol ilex, t d? it; tj®dJ boeado 9 1 qo or
on wo 1 1 o'? .ton is tte-J bun ^erit mad? nlot I .on ballso
o«t tnss \ 3 d r <-.-; , 1 / vr ar on ' ?■ ;. to v. a ' ; - Bri-si: ©
•soro dor o ;yiri:oo to ^et>x oat dt r« basis! siit aooio-i. o-\
1 nwc., f • tt ii ,. .to Csi ®dt Vo abiE dtros ©at
i , t x cix s&iftf rdatf ovv-i ritiw evofi odt Vo ?eoa
,tB ;t# d !:dt i seafood on j tlw ofeiid j-.r n- on; t via •»
9 nr- :: >39 ' - 5a 9 d 5ns qt .; -it ?:;xiid 0 o:f i i ' oitov.. 00 .*rM
xc rrowo H &9*r dtxw osit [Xante eno t£ .00s a/ft -rolt
ervx nm. , b 1 ©> ana ^ 91 * O H bebBod-bei *r®"- a be 0 If pc I
.Ji too da 0? eooBiio on bad 1 , uodoao oaitlrfis
The people of the New Hebrides are mostly all
very small in size and the women are very short. The
people are quite ugly in the South Sea Islands'. The
houses where they live are very low and dark inside,
and also very dirty, the people too. Most of the men
speak English, more or less, but most of them don't
like to work for small money.
July 6
'.7e left Mau i. about four a.m. for Monument
Rook and Matasso Islands, but the sea was a little
rough so we oould not stop there. Around Monument
Rook we saw a flock of boobies flying about and 1 saw
two terns among them. The sea was rough when we came
to Mai I. and we dropped anchor about noon. We went
ashore to collect in the afternoon. 1 took the south-
west end of the island, but that part is not very good
for birds because I saw but very few. I collected
only a few doves and parraqueets. The mosquitoes
toward night wanted to eat us on the flat lands. The
natives here did not follow mel Very good people.
July 7
'7e went ashore in the morning, and I went to
the same place as yesterday and over the flat land
to the end, but I wa3 sorry I went there. I was trap-
ped by the rose bushes and small Pandanos, and the
place is mostly all swamp and full of mosquitoes which
bite like dogs. I heard many pigeons call from the
trees, but it was hard to see them among the thick
' -
■
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£
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:
foliage. I heard a few sooty flycatchers, tut saw only fit
two which I collected. I tramped for a few hours in
the dense bushes of the swamp before I could find my
way out of them. I heard a few thrushes, but did not
see any. A little shower came in the afternoon and it
rained all afternoon. The mosquitoes were so thick
around me that I ran as fast as possible from the forest,
but they followed me everywhere I went.
July 8
There was a light rain all day long so nobody
went ashore today. Holiday.
July 9
Today I was on the lookout for small parraqueets
and blue finches. Hicks and I went together in the
morning to the big tree where he saw some blue finches
yesterday. Cn the road we saw small parraqueets around
the coconut trees. Hicks shot one and another went
away. At the big tree where the finches were, we got
three in the morning and one hummingbird. Only a few
warblers were up on the tree so we decided to go over
to the coconut trees to look for small parraqueets.
Hicks had better luck than I; he struck five, while I
was only two fly over the coconut trees in the afternoon,
but got none.
July 10
Today I was all day on the lookout for small
parraqueets among the coconut groves, but none -were seen.
The redbreasted robin at this island lives on the flat
jtf . ' I |
I ■ '1 V.! 70‘ ; ' OO'iTUjl ■. . '' ‘ 3 • 30 '■ ' t '' v
• bt&l* LI so o £ oio- Sk; ccnsm, ®rf* *0 sodeic omea 0. -:t
toa 515 ivd .sarfenrii rol a b-tearf J .rnoi*o ;:o iu.© vj»'.
?1 5 raj ao ono: s i'lo orfjf" 1 1 oflkao isvorfa 9 i“J /. - & ♦ ® ! ‘ • :
oa ao.Bn eoctf i xrpaoxt axil .nooarc©?!^ ' J« 5 c-a - m:*:
j e o ' o*r inoil ©Idlaaoof bs IssL bs £ssi - & : '- J
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■'-' : iiVi I "fr&S 9V( £)Ji01 Sill nO « .< '
tc.evr "* 4iS$ oais >no *10 darfo ;>!oi .• . Be si 3 iirnoodo od-
v & - .y JfiO , Li l Jraxorir eao 0:3 ga imron? oiid ai oai .0
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'
62
ground in the thick hushes. The ground doves are the
commonest among the doves at this group. I have never
yet seen any hawks at this island.
July 12
My luck today has been very had I I was looking
for humming birds and red-headed finches. Of the latter
I saw none, and of the former I saw three, but got none.
Hard luck is against me for a long time about finding
rare birds, and especially in this group of islands,
but I hope that it may change sometime before I leave
the field.
July 13
’.7e left Mai Island early in the morning and
started for Monument Rock, trying to get some sea birds,
but the captain found out that the -^©ad- was out aways
and he could not steer; so we came to Undine Bay in
smooth water to investigate the trouble and found out
/ ^ 4 't /
<\h that the , post was split and we would have to go to
Vila for repairs. 'Ve set out again for Vila nest day,
and arrived there on the morning of the 15th.
July 15
I was sent out by Mr. Beck about ten o'clock
to collect and keep a lookout for yellow-bellies and
any other rare birds. I got only one yellow-belly and
a few other birds, and a lot of bats in one cave.
July 16
Today I ran into a large species of land fox
of the forest, and I got only two yellow-bellies and
• ;• • Ki ev a O':;- u&vo 5 e :i • .‘.rc. • . /bocifef toc
, hK&Xb i bMJ 'if* 83f7^ -f %aa a«‘'s>« i e\
SI
077*1 erS7 :i > . ifl. it bebB -i Set baa abaic ••^Icwa/ii tot
on on ?C 7 ?:-J ,c ■ n.’ tat I aeratot &iL4 to baa .anon wua 1
■gaibait dirocfa ©nfJ srtol a "Ot am tfscixa^c eJt tfoal b:.c
: 9 . i
ev fiol I e tot so emWenroe e&uatfb' \;bm 7 £ £&d$ egorf I ^ xicf
.biof-'v ( : : i
'1 %£sr T,
!'f .- -■ S; . : T-> i ; ■■■.& ■ , I,..*- 7”' : ' r f ' v
b"’ id to o. a,: fate ,,« r ooE Jaoe&wt.cII tot 6o.7t.vit s
s-ysw.'. Suo saw xjct- artt i&tti 7ao &ox*ot aifltfgaQ o.rf7 7acf
r; r ;,|g ->£j 1 v.'tU 0-7 ea± 0 07/ 08 ; 19 97 6 toil blfrO; 9fi 3 0 ..
.-. ,' v :■/ 3 tst ero. 95s:itC3'i r i i 37 • c.aw .7:' nt.
o-7 o> o:i avarf b(j >* s" 6ga 7ilq;a aaw iiiog^o tm'3
-
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• •-.'■• 1 i ' 3cf~\ Lf .■■■;; tot 7 ■■■■.'fiool & &u.c JoeiiOO o**
£ no ■- ■ ' o- 3- i ;
.'a-:. 9 no r:i a7ad to 7oi a 5 os , e otic; lariito w?
a I
xo": & .si to 8o;c9ru a o7ui nat I ^aboT
two cuckoos. I saw many other common birds at differ-
ent places, and heard some sooty flycatchers, but saw
none.
Efate Island, July 21.
Back again at Undine Bay! I was sent out to
search for red-headed finches. I went up to the place
we knew of in the forest to try my luck, because those
birds were very rare. the first time we called at
this place, so I did not bother 'with any other birds
on my way up. On my arrival at the tree we knew of,
1 saw two red-headed finches; I shot one and after
waiting a little while a few more came. Then they
came one by one, and in about an hour I had twelve;
for about an hour not one was seen, but later they
came back again and I got six more , making eighteen
in a few hours.
July 22
Monument Bock and Mattaso Is.
I did not go ashore at these places so I can't
say anything about them.
July 23 Makura Is.
I went ashore in the morning. Very few birds
live here. At the top of the island I only saw two
kingfishers which I collected. On the sides I collect-
ed a few small birds and one black pigeon and a few
Clementin doves. Very few honeyeaters were seen at
the flowering trees.
'io ; ■ •.' J . ' . .Oi -C ,) -.9 .
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oaodl w;,s.o 0 tf .dstfl II-'* o ‘ tfsoiol uttf u.f lo wocnf aw
i& b&LLao m <isW d.aiiS: &0 o'^i -./rsv new ebtlcf
■
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7 91/ a feat. 1 , eno lode I ;ae:'oar't loftaod -here owl ' Woo 1
" e i •' i a © xfj . area o ■ *xo m w®* a a. .raw ©.; /?2I a sal 1 i a w
; ' o. ; i rruo.. tin li/otfs: a 2 b ... , oao oir- v 'ao
lolal i.rc ,c9ob _ ' oao Ion *£0Ori ao; luatfa *io u
aoslrf^x© gai^ii/ir f oioa xtc los I 6na aia.a Swef &mh
. erapil v;s' a rti
S : ^ X u T»
I .
.medl Jwocs snidlyaa y;&e
.Si aTasofeM :•' vlxrfc
ai’ilif t-oV . salmons erfr at ziorfea la*w I
o* ran ’-I; , %aaL»:£ ®al ro to ©r J . n ,>v .
•loo/ of, I 89 6 1?; f.&jt ffO .£> -t'oor Joe iioltfw ofrQrte I
"■of ;•. o!'t,o ao©?2-> 2;oaIa' oao u as tsdilef I lame we'f a £>“
•l.u • • a ©7;«r eto"...o rf » o'; i© . e ovoft nil a--. ;o
. aeeil gafiowol' sdi
July 24 Tongariki Is.
At this island we saw sixteen species of birds,
but very few of each kind. The forests are dense and
low. At the top of the mountain it is all plum grass
and very few small trees. At some creeks we saw once
in a while a small bird, but it was very hard to shoot
because of the thick bushes. We had a hard day's work
for nothing.
July 26 Tongoa Is.
We arrived here yesterday morning and started
work this morning. The bushes are very dense all over
the island and very few birds are still here, only
the common ones. The island was swept by a hurricane
three years ago and it killed a lot of birds, so our
collecting was small.
July 27
It was a very fine morning when we came ashore,
but the weather changed very soon. It began to rain
about nine a.m. and kept on all day. 1 decided to go
after malau eggs. The natives took us to the place
where they nest at an embankment on the east side of
the island near the beach, and we found twelve eggs,
four at one hole and the others one at each place.
7/hen we came back we were all wet and we learned from
the natives that the ship had to clear out from the
island and get shelter at Api Island , so we called at
Mr. Michelsen ' s house and stayed there until Friday
(30) morning, when the ship came back to us again.
.
.cl t'U-iz’g: o r : -iui
.KfeTi'i c^ioisa «o ev ha.aXsl sidX Si-
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vlro , -red I/id: e*v.^ •i-fmJtcf "e- "W Sfi* &OaI; ©dr
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9 $8 . af/nicf tflf 70 X a BeXIii ^ fttt* 0^3 err*n .$**£*
,Ils f£ cmv- X3 os II ip
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ali.'i o3 fix-^ecT *X .Root \riev 6e.3r.edo noxttaew ©dor 3ird
03 o.t b*g£o©& i . v.b 0 li.. rrc Jqojf baa ,m.& srcra Sis ofc
-v;.£f Xa od? oc ©if ■'( >3 aeTWafl’ ©eft. eaXecr n©^..;
“ 0 . obit . i '•• 7 ;iO ^ao i rr,i.nsdK3 ae 3a 3soa \o-.i on o' •
©vj esr buco! sw br. . Ioj&oJ sn - : XSOfl BflaXal &.'■"
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gd3 .■ 1* Sac -rasXo o3 b*. qirfe 9 rid 3ex£# soviXen ed
:ji, bsHeo ©V 08 . naalfcl i f.- nedlerls ds^ 5 ce baeloi
.a. 3349 3*i or jior-d or-eo qiio srfX ao. v .galaToar .C’-
July 30
I went to the east southeast side of the island
today and struck some red-headed blue finches. I found
them on the small trees which have fruit like figs.
The birds pick up the fuit and go to another tree and
eat it. They never stop long on the tree where they
get the fruit, but on the others near by. Cn the road
I got two longtailed doves and two green doves.
July 31
I went to the same place as yesterday for blue
finches . Yesterday I got nine, but today I got only
five until about noon and then the wind started to
blow and change to south so I went to the ship as soon
as possible in the case of its having to put out to
sea, as we did not want to be left behind again. But
the wind dropped again in the afternoon and we waited
there until Monday morning and left Tongoa at daybreak
for Api Island.
Aug. E Api Island
We left Tongoa I. at daybreak and arrived at Api
I. in the afternoon. .7e went ashore, but it was very
late, so I came back in the dark with empty hands.
The fields there are very bad. Cn the plain land the
ground is almost covered with weeds and vines and some
very dense plum grass. On the hills there are many
big trees, but the ground is all weeds and at some
places they are very high and dense. The top of the
trees is almost covered with vines, making it quite
impossible to see the birds above. We spent a week
; ; 'tr to ebiB fa iriftfoe erf c? ot 1 new 1
feai/O^ I .eoriti r\ orrlJ JcabBerf-bei ernes -Aouitz bus vjs '. otf
.as " *01 3 JtsrxJ evarf rfoirft : laris o'ffct no
tax? asiif i-v-' oo3'c^ o* -bra. diirt edtf-' qJ '^otq a bijfd oil'
'
fj.se t ® •!•+ orO .^rf T»oa a'xerfi'o exii no tfnrf .dhrVi suit
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I?. ^Xf/T,
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"Xnb '$ Of. 1 jar ■■ txi , an ' r .: io\ 1 %abx#^8eY . a on on
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'irtBGi eiz erton'd a Hid arfi n-0 .esai& wtriq sansb \:iov
aoe , x ba.e absov- Is £J •bcurO’ig a/i? 5£id , bb®t 5 3 bt
erf? jto (jod sif .on ask Bus rigid ^lev oib \9tii aootsS’7
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. '96;. ... ‘ :> s rrf , :>v ,'b :icf Slid ooe c J side; ■ :
66
here, but our collection was not very good because
part of the birds were lost among the weeds. I found
an old thrush's nest, but no other kinds of nests were
seen around. The people here live very miserably;
their houses look more suitable for pigs than for
people. The soil is very fertile and everything grows
well, but it is almost all full of weeds and bushes.
A few patches of cotton grow very fine, but the people
are too lazy to take care of it. Indian corn grows well
here and tastes very good. We left Api I. on August 9
in the morning for Lopevi I. and arrived there about
one p.m.
Lopevi Island, New Hebrides
August 9, 1926.
This island is 4755 feet high. The lower part
is covered with big trees, the middle part is full of
small bushes and the upper is bare lava. Most of the
birds live in the lower part among the high trees, many
of which are Ironwood trees. At first sight the island
seems birdless, but we found quite a good number of
different species. The common yellow-eye in fiji, Samoa,
and Tonga Is. we found here for the first time in the
New Hebrides, but a different species, a little large
and brown in color. The thrushes came right in the
houses to eat. I saw two malau eggs which the natives
showed me, but I never saw the birds. I saw a large
flock of small green finches among the cotton fields.
Almost every native mail has a gun for killing pigeons,
so there were very few seen, le spent two days here
and left this island on the 11th in the afternoon and
orn > : I . b r '* j»oI o'ssw >t.3 0 o •7’xxj'
•v: ■. .■• ■' ■ b. •> • ' o or 3. ,rs#n 6fo
; v • ov 1 ©Tori stjfp* « «nt . fem?OT*s aeoe
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8wc j* ?&Jt;{l3x'f;c%& tno e ttXfT- ’iiev sx fxce oxfi . eiqa.oq;
.{•oris cf f/cu* B|r*evf 'io IJU Juorrrla si ?i Jxxd ., lie-
• J , an 1" '{*£ov w<srj» no.tuoo-jo ooristfaq v.o’i .
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■; ;?jiJ£r|y HO . I X /, 3'i&I OY. ,&0©£ VX8V OO.'GfiJ b«B ©lad
toada o’xwiti bQvi': u 5 ftrua .1 fvwjjoJ to 1 gaiaic :: e. 3 ni
,m. cr eri .
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.a tie; , t
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art? ax e-ii? i;nf ; . J col 3T9 :. basso*: ow .el s^ti' b I s
or- . i . 1 i' ri i .. ti , uoie... qa 3no!83:!U& a dod .asbilriou ' ■
eri? :j ■ irteiT '-■ciso eort&#Tri3 arii .-xoloo ax awe ad :nu
e-^r'iJ: l 3 rioi w afr.o juslaft owd WJ88 I .3x39 07 ooo-x or;
e^/usl j . .8 inti o' exiri was levoa I 3x;d , or bevtoos
/ ;js * . a«ri oain ovtijm
©• :J 2 a :*>& owd iae'Xa s .oeoa wo?- ^iev eisw 3*xori3 oe
btii. ao trio. ' s orf: ni riril.i ori3 ac baalai sxri3 31: ol baa
arrived at Pauuma I. in the evening.
67
Pauuma Island, Aug. 12
This island is very small and is very hilly and
wooded all over with many dry creeks. The forests are
very dense and quite covered with vines and weeds. The
most common birds here are doves. le heard them call
all over the island, hut it was very hard to see one.
I found red-headed finches very common, hut it is hard
to find the trees where they feed; hut at those trees
I saw a very large flock of them on the evening of the
day before we left the island, so it was too late to
take a large number of them.
Amb rym Island, Aug . 14
We arrived at this island about ten a.m. and
went ashore, but the day was very hot and the ground
dusty and we had no time to go far in the forests and
our collection was small and of common birds. At last
we have met the cannibals of the New. Hebrides! They
are the worst looking people that I ever saw in my life.
Those people are not cannibals now, but except for killing
people and eating them they have the same habits as they
had in cannibal days.
Aug. 16
I went over the north side of the island. The
place is mostly volcanic with new bushes all over it.
Very few birds were seen and very wild, but at one
place I met a number of black thrushes among the dense
bushes and collected three of them. There are some
evi'j -i&
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or tv; . " 00 J a r lx oe , brcal.-.l o r it ©I ©vc-tad
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.a£fi •(' cct: : 30 c tc .dg., Xijifoe a*sv. nolloal £00 ijb
IsafeiTtfa- w©E ®d 0 0 glad ions 0 c .1? raw ©Viirf
. : • 1 -ye n; V; ,ti re® Vo •j’axir ©Itoefj ^crxslodi i ts n o v jx£.r •.»*£&
;<n i( i W tot dqeozco tad , won el Balaam tea or... oitrcoo mo 7
7,9 ' ■ >B 8* Mir 90138 9Vb , aria f. olit ’rUifi© bat c.i I CfC K;
ladlnciac' rid fori
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68
white-eyes here, the white iris and brown too. Cn my
way to the bushes i met a large crowd of bushmen coming
down to the beach to sell copra and cotton. Each man
had a large belt around his waist, but otherwise they
were naked and part of their faces were painted black.
They looked more like devils than men. If I had not
met two of them on the beach before and heard from the
other people that they were all tame, I might have
thought it was my last moment of life! As I knew about
them, instead of running away from them, I went directly
to them and shook hands with them all. All those people
have dirt enough on their bodies to plant banana trees
and tarro too without touching their skin. My collec-
tion today was not good. At one place I saw a few
thrushes which I shot ( three) , but the bush was very
dense and new. There is no fresh water anywhere on the
island; for drinking the people use coconuts and some
rain water. We stopped for the night and sailed next
morning.
Malekula Island, Aug. 17
At last we arrived in the heart of the cannibals'
islandsl Many people told us at Port Villa ’’Don't land
at Malekula because they still eat human flesh there,
and if you go in the bush you will never come back again.
The most dangerous cannibals at this island were the
white traders and planters. Those white cannibals have
killed more native people under their cruelty to make
them work for nothing than the native people have killed
the white. We heard stories from both sides, and up to
Go G'vdicf o;;o « ri.' •>.: r.-’\
m aO
O’! i C 9 ' , ' ->.J : .OV
■?r.iinroo asru&i/tf to &we~o s- t, I •., 1 ea-ia^sf rGi.1 o 4 . n
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"11 ’lOiittO JXJd *' 3 a- 2 u'iV ©it &t( :l/ t . i ‘ ft fl*.
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fa »A : iatxi; » 5
0i<TO9fr aaorfd IS. A .XIb aiorii rfJ iw atuxerf aTooits Jjtta nodi os
:>oqic ■: aarxacf ■*cu',lq oS a&Xfcod liedd ao ii'gircm ti : : o ov .
o il oo v l . a rx's ilc :j ; taoriflvr ooS ore* . ■' ’
-■v , VjMI 0Oij: i € to 1 .box con V.;,OG.
•;*» 9 V sa .v f 3 xxd ©if: Jird , i oevdS ) I.oae; X d«l : i-.v aoiiaxrtf..
oi- t tic aisaw^oa *® 4 aw ase-it. on ex eisriT .won feaie ©bx;©&
0 3 LeXi; eliXH'&oo 980 aiqoaq e.;j : £fsjb'iiii : i ;i>G4l2
.
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"i , i I loasia.'.'
r i '00(1" al i-iV- etc ' 7 1c o ■ fe.toc ©icf'oaf -.aa-'X J«fir al.
, anedtf rfeolt a®cw 4 a as Xi X 4 o oe..;a-cati - IbixsIb-’ -
*
a ;io£ ■ :""0 '7<v Xi -, i;o it;. ocf orf; li C *. -j ; fir:
,y. . ' dw c ic dt n«i<. him of at a' s* idr
eater o 4 .
tel ’ lit ©vad
■ 1 x 10 1 r 0 - . l ’i •-:?.: : oleroe ev ' i .m
slgoe-T ilofi edj astll snxtilon 10
c-'i 00 . I Xx
. 0.1 1 dv. •?
now I have never seen anything wrong at this island ,
so I dropped the matter.
77e found a specimen of crow which we had not
seen before. I found a new species of kingfishes, small-
er than the others and a very dark blue back, white
throat and brown belly. The female has a white spot
between the legs. I can't give notes day by day because
I have no time for that, so I must give them the best I
can. While we stopped at Malekula I. I found out that
there were not many birds in sight, and some very common
at another island were very rare here. Thrushes are
quite common in the canyon but very wild. I found out
that the thrush here goes to rest at the top of the high
trees and not in the thick bushes. The thick-head here
is very common too; we saw them everywhere among the
tree3. The shrike is a rare bird here and very few were
seen. "We stopped at Bushman Bay until Aug. 24th. It
is a good place, but not many people live there. There
is a very large coconut field and also a large cotton
field, but most of it stays on the ground because there
is not enough labor to do the work. On our last day
I went over the large valley full of very high trees.
I saw several thrushes and malaus and many thick-heads.
I found one malau egg buried about a foot deep in the
ground on the cotton field about a mile from the beach.
Malekula Island, Aug. 23.
7/e stopped at two places on the mainland and
on two small islands near the west end. At one we did
not make any collection because the place is very small
. •• L*:t vrJt v . X:\rn a- a L
? "■ e :
!• r^tfS ,us;i8 i:" ':rix;( a v.su & bfiijc'i. I , slot eui !•'•• >«
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■ t$ - - B > ' ■' ¥ ■•• ••
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.GOOTi d5,fa 7,T97 ^0 IiXlt \;sXUY 9£S3'I ii<i 'I f> V 0 ? Cio”’ I
•u'is nr ;x&'ofa j- oo"- a S&odi h^tx'M o ifftJaia 9 etc fmw©' X
r 10 rrioxl a; V s tiioda Bio it rrotJoo orf 3 no ban
. ' : 0 ^ , biiule : .0:'x.u'.
f alii nor;* * . n : r
r-;- & 9W eao SI .1 is tsow. ©fti x«oa o i 8.- ii.-xno ' uo
j 1 . - , 3 v si oo 0 i il s'j«o&ci noi^oel/co o .n 3a
70
and so many people live there, but at another small
island while Mr. Beck went to the mainland, I went
around the small island , but only a few common birds were
seen there. At this part of Malekula there are still
cannibals. The people of the small island have planta-
tions on the mainland, but when they go there they always
go in a large party and all armed with guns in case they
should meet any bushmen. We were told by some native
men that the bushmen were very seldom seen near the sea
and that they never try to cross the sea because they
are afraid of drowning and they couldn' t swim, so the
others feel safe on the small islands. We have seen
at the New Hebrides that on every island the people are a
different race from one place to another, and have dif-
ferent habits of life. At some places we saw hundreds
of pig jaws which had two big tusk teeth. The pigs are
killed for some celebrations or ceremonies of the native
habirs, and after the ceremony the jaw of each pig is
placed on a rack and let there forever. If anybody takes
a jaw from that rick it is considered sacrilege among
the others and might result in the death of the guilty
man. When we left Malekula I. we came to a small island
quite close to Sspiritu Santo Island.
Malo Island, Aug. 27.
‘,7e arrived here this morning and went ashore
aboiit nine a.m. The island is lower; the highest peak
is about 1000 feet and the remainder is quite plain.
The fields for collecting are fine; almost all open
bushes and clear forests, but not many species of birds
• • ar.:''- 'forftoco . cf . ' • • it - f I ^ : c[oe-: s4 •-•
.tap” , &ctt: ini . > . v u” tr$>7 rfo d . - i- ’ Os,, -■•-
36 ' * ■ '$ i - , ■
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s+fit&a 9C!0o hJ sit -®*; '7 a .astcasao ioo'i ;u •-
ana 9 x 1-3 5 a an ao&fc mcblee tieV 97 sy. nsfr-rfesd oilr -sat s-ss
- -):;•* scxieoarf aea orft aoonto ot “teved: .;urit t >■••■•
oa , stIwb t •afcjaco \;erft cm gfrirwoTcfr cto bis**:’: o o~s
assB p’*:a£I a 7. .sbcutlai I lane *rft no Vice Ieo'3 arfr --c
£ .v,a t-Iqos , /solai se!> cidol! wall o nX : <
.> 7 S t . .n. •• i at »ca- onto re© 7*: eos'er 7 vrft
ofrei&prf v-'a<s -w so calc; ©fltPO. •rf > *
on,: a;- la oov. . lost l-anit '-o owt in. i soinr ewn r. I-q " 5
' 7 ,,.' So.. ' i U '-0 7 •>' ‘30 ( ■ ■ - -0
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semm: ' 7 oca 5o\ nt : -josc at t’i £s>ii tiirft rf'Oi 1 : a
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.
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>r , ;• jr> l i ■- on inno’i sdt bi-je r; 0001 3sjtp<iu cl
Xjan'O .0 GOt: i£- . So : 07 : ‘ _& 9 7 X O 0 70 ■'• i o ■• ■'
& - nr
, ;r ;nX;_ . . .... ' tO -1 71 7 -7070 7V,.:' V '7; ^ ^
live here and nothing new was found. A large part of the ^
forest birds live on the lower land. I saw thrushes and
soot? flycatchers right in the village and thick-heads
were everywhere. The most common birds here are the red-
capped dove. I heard them calling everywhere, but there
are not many small birds. I was told by some native
people that the small kingfisher is very common here, but
the large ones are rare. 1 saw three 3raall and only one
large. The native name for kingfisher is 3igo. The
orange trees are full of fruit most all over the island,
but the natives did not offer one to us! Many of them
followed me along the forest and at some places they pick-
ed oranges and ate them before me without asking me if
I wanted one! The first people of the kind we had met
in the South Sea Island. s
Sspiritu Santo Island, Aug. 30
Je came to this island two days ago, but we
collected nothing before today. The land is quite low
and full of thick weeds and grass. A few patches of trees
are almost covered with vines and high reeds. The first
birds I saw were two rails which flew over the bushes,
then for a long time I did not see any bird. At last I
went in the high tree forest full of dense bushes inside.
I heard a few thick-heads calling, but it was very rare
to see one. Once in awhile I saw a couple of yellow-
bellies in the big trees and occasionally a sooty flycat-
cher came inside. At another patch of forest 1 saw some
thrushes and crows, but very few. On the cleaned land
I saw a few yellow-eyes and white eyes, but no rare birds.
■ o a .in v/sn - ; ■ - 1 r
bi!B eetfa i- -* vm, .. : i*e ol ■:>&' ac vl .-a.. 3 ; ;a';
qfeiisu-xc ini b .'isr 8 4* nl eTono!^'.; I ” \.' oo:,
• ;; 0*r c>.i3 Otis 3-'S..Ui :.'l2.d nurOCf. Of ■j’SO.fi’ 91:17 , 9^5 ISV^iiYe &<THV
o-zOi\i iuci ,«r£M/i.t;^*ECiV9 ^cc/II-sa meila hf««d X' .evofc beaqs®.
«yj:;£,a e--*oj. V-">' 5 1 ••*-•: a^w I ,s£rxltf Uaffl n jc
*«{f , si orf aomnjo yisv ai o 9rffix^!: 7 ilcise t&ft el.qoo .
■
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, raBisr a -4 rt^ro i U tfsatn tfinVi: 'tc 1 Xj/ ; - &x& swi-} o^asio
merlcr ' • ; X k,r o;i on '• nolXo ion Xio <>&?!$ s>a eoj 3; of
’ofo; sao^I". or.;96 :>aa dss'rol oa'3 nnou. «” f'oro! r ■'
71 e;r sal •-••:• •:* ;o .:.cv •;?.;♦ ,r:.o7 ■ -?' t X: a?-.. !:;u: ees;un:e o
3t*r jzd f>B otii ' o oX-roeo e •{? isiio fistfcsjaw
E,l.:o i . £■'■■ iin - :
OS .an; .rnniol oi; :2 f3 xneS
9 ? Jtrd f or e I'^&b 0v7i oasis! nail' -• j o &&t> o
wo I 63 Hsp vi ba&S srfx «^£ho$ ooc'joc aaiXJoa &e3©»XXpo
••.<»*' • r - o9fl'oJi;f( t e'<- ,: . , :'i - ; Xoew i •> i 1 to . ■": 1.
isi.v di: *8 bos;, agi . hnx a on if fttlw &f.*refoo fteoirLa -r:
rd .< ; .j i d-tr. ro 17 -.ail’.* .:•! i* c i ow? ♦'tow was 1 ai ic
.
. oh. fan ; . o.j-J sails, to li 3 or t eenl -A? s7 ni nr o
Xiea efusoxf-^oidi we’S a feiaad 1
■ _ • ■ .
IeO', 17 ’gfooE .! ^iianolaseooo 6rus aoon; ■. ref ao'3 ai i-~ .1 fo .
orroo w, .. ■ 3 2 0 o' 7o ;(o3.o lOfft'OTi.© 3 A ,f ileal
anal lort^olc ex 3 na . ••o‘: \;a&v 3acf ,ewoat> turn aty.isovAv
t if giB-j on ? r/tf ,cov-i ->3 hiw l*fi* 3o\;c> woilc’S, no7 .c, -
Aug. 31
72
I took the other field today, but nothing new was
seen. I found a small nest with two eggs in it. They
were very dark brown with darker spots. The nest seems
quite like that of the sooty flycatcher, but the eggs
are darker than those we have found in Fiji Islands.
The birds that I saw around the nest were sooty fly-
catchers, but they never went on the nest. I took it
with me because it was raining badly and if I left it
there until the next day, I might never have found it
again.
Sept. 1, 1926.
I went out only for half a day. I found a good
field of open forest, but the same birds that I had seen
before, and very few in number. Thick-heads are common-
est and next is the yellow-belly. I saw a few doves'
nests on the rock cave five feet from the ground. Very
few doves live at this part of the island compared to
other islands of this group, and no warblers were seen
around .
3ept. 2
77e left the canal and came to the west end of
the island, stopping at the II. W. side. The fields are
quite flat and densely forested, nothing new was found
at this end either, and after a few days we pushed
farther north to the end and called at a small island
named Dauphin, which has two fresh water lakes. Here
we found new birds on the laks, but when w/e fired at
them they dived down before the shots reached them.
Jf> . * Vi/ A
a m> r-i-oa ?;;d f /It-iv •xexi'dc • oor I
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■
.
di ?[ocd X .da- ..» odd uo dnev. lovor: • ^e-d* tartf , arceaa^AC
. a -t&f£
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.
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?;• xcf> ■■■ - : ‘l u s ; . ;IIoJ -. oil j/.‘ ' ■ on jf - c 0
vis; .t iUb'X:--, sxld uto.?* doel dv-£t sv.xo jfoo'J "> S ,-c- odcoa
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.fefltirO’XJB
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to £>ae J e etfd ©J ^:iao 6 a.. ..urra© odd, dlei ©V
.©Bis .T/.il e. J Jo >-a % crqcds f baa odd
f'C£>/o liiiW w.eif ',-aii’d v-i -bodn -to* : v.nd 1 Sets $£ oil ■"
rwa : a ;?• r/el b I:-.. , i©-.!; 9 i a ! J|dd • ■-.
i ..: : - ■ f i&mo a in Bel .us - ' no ftfte ar ; ddiou
■
On the first day I got four, but I had to swim in the
lake for the last two I shot, next day we carried the
small boat over the bushes and Mr. Beck went into the
middle and shot some. Hicks and I shot a few on the
sides.
Dauphin Island, Sept. 2-12
On the 7th in the afternoon we left Dauphin
Island and sailed for the Banks group, but we had rough
weather and quite a head wind so we arrived at a small
island (I don’t know its name yet) in the afternoon,
and Hicks and I went ashore. Hicks brought in six small
birds, but I went over bad field all full of grass. I
saw a few birds, but had no chance to collect any except
one shrike, but the shots cut his bill quite off and
broke the skull. The wind started to increase, so we had
to clear off from land about nine o'clock. Uext morning
we were about ten miles to the lee side and it was still
very rough and got worse up to noon, so we decided to
look for shelter until the weather changed. At about
four p.m. we dropped anchor on the lee side of Gaua
or Santa Maria Island. The island is very densely wooded
all over the weather side and at many places on the lee
side too. The villages at this island are right in the
center or up on the hills. I did not see any coconut
plantations here. The natives are very friendly and
most all the men speak English. *.7e are still waiting
for good weather.
Gaua Island, Sept. 10
The weather was very wet in the morning, but
ft II uf l o ; bj :: : r . .<o r * - .• dCTtt • ,
V ■+, o»ftt • dnsw io«ii . “Mfiaed . add *r«ro daotf U'©rra
.
. <*©£ r®
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ri- ;,oi bed dvr i d b tie® sdS i -*> as! iaa bn© &a©lal
■
f ferns e d© bovxiT© sw oa 5aiw fi©«n .a oditfp . bna Tedd©f<w
.
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; ,' 3 € ’to if©* i '.. ftlftift &4kf iov- dn&v X due « a-JJTid
Xqno”? \*f£j3 ?9*I Joe o? sorca.io on Sari dxfdT , aLvitd v*/} a ws =
:i;.j« 'rlo oX '.-o II ic aid tf no ’sdon'e end dud ■ t 6$lrd8 one
bud 3 W on , » a-- ••xft.xi od lednuda bait.' e a . IIxrdTe ©iid ©stored
saiaiO* dxo:.: .sioolc'e .rutin dead© -h:us£ tmA T^o T©eIo c .
-. j; , -Oft- ft,, ft'., "ft -'ft:
rod© ~A . Cft- 9 ii©iio 16 ft 90: e .: iidisu tod lad© *©1 aft -
• ' V ft ft. . : :• iic . -ft Uft br- ' o ft ' ft
beboo'.v I aacre & .isv di bn©£ ai ■■'•.’ . ne : I ©xt© . adiied no
aol add • cto saoaXxf vfiftft jxj fta© obit. Tsrfdaar exld l»vo XX©
©rid ai drb*iT at© Sneisi aid* da sogetiiT adl .ood obie
d-Hoooo naa ass , on Oifc I .all in odd ao qn to rod a©©
& (t 3 vftlrxioir'! ^Tev o*t© aovxdaa od'i .orrori ano idxjdnalq
aa.rd.LeY7 Hide ©t© aV= .deilgafi steoq-a no.rr ads tie. daara
.landasw boo ^ aol
01 .tfqeb , fcnalal enat
qjjft . Mi- TO* odd :f i doY /£9T flaw T 9 ^d©on OffT
we went out about nine a.m. ?ery few birds were seen ^
about on the flat land, but up high I saw a few more,
among which were red-capped finches and thrushes.
Sept. 11
I went further up the creek today, so I saw
a few sooty flycatchers and thick-heads, and two thrushes
but had no chance for the latter.
Melapav Island, Sept. 14
We left Gaua Island on Sunday afternoon, but
under the head wind and rough weather we arrived at
Melapav I. on Tuesday morning at daybreak. The island
is about forty-five degrees inclined and the trails to
go up to the top are very steep. Mr. Beck's intention
was to go to the top for shearwaters. The top was all
covered with very dense fog and the bushes were very wet;
the wind blew so hard at some times that it knocked
everybody down, and the fog came so thick at times that
we could only see as far as ten or twelve feet, so we
never could see the center of the crater and it was
very dangerous going down because there are many cliffs
around. Then the natives told Mr. Beck that the birds
which nest in the crater come in March and not now, but
another kind nest outside now, so maybe we can find some
there under the roots of the tfees. 7e came down for
awhile and then started to look for shearwaters, but
only one was found by Mr. Beck today. v7e spent the
night partly anchored and partly dragging under the
heavy squall until the dawn.
. -vie . wo' .. I d" .f cj ' - :( , •• I ?fii' - t : ; 'ur ■
■
was I os , oof* qtf a erf mat .laow I
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il .of q sc ,h a Bl a I v -jqjB Is !
rtacf .cKxmastla i;ai>a0£ nc haoJel oxiar: eft a I ©f
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c 4 - 1 j or:- ■ o .:£•_• : c rasirv.: "v 't- ■: r ■ ■ ‘i/ou, ■
Jioi'.'l C'QX U* •>!•■' .7 ■'. *n;,n-ju Vt*T Ola CTO? 3# qif O'."
i r :i .u t qor' .:• / .eaei.urrxa? to ~C etc or cuv: o:t o>, ot b:,
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-
r,y-...:r or' X; or , ' oO ?rro& :cr 0 .• r:s , aver ^ho O^lsvy
,rs 0 ,; .resit ev£s\ t 'to as? q« rurl aa ees rJao 6 It oo sv
.;• 1 hcix rcooaiQ rr :o i '. so o a ocr .blaot e >vp,
Q'.llilo v.a.oGT oib easriof oa;/.3osd utsofc ?r, to?, sixoas^ab t*t«Y
a© a id otf? iaxtt . ©S .a : blot co-'i;' rr c «»uT . btrarra
■tud , won o on bo..> ctosull . ' oerre a- vatv >fif .A. j.aefl . o.
srroa b ;i* ass- gw atfv.ar? os • , wo a sdiajiio of sen bnli Tahtoae
<xo!t mol enuD el' .aoslt on.-? .to uorooi or of 'iebmx sio-rfs?
t.ocf ’ ,&'£&$ jsm&edQ oal jCedl c , bsoHjsfe aouJ ima slir?a
snd tasqe si . ;abod tfoot . t;.l %ti bam aer oao ^lao
3 ,j -sebusj Sue . -aoiiona ^Itaaq ofrffUa
! .. p
Sept. 15
75
I stayed on board because I had two fingers of
my right hand badly bruised, because the wind knocked
me down and I struck my hand between my gun and some
rocks on the ground and the small finger-nail came off,
so I could not use ray hand for a few days. No more
shearwaters were found in the nests, so Mr. Beck came
back about five o'clock and sailed off for Valua I.
Valua Island, Sept. 17
This island is small in size, but has very good
forests; very few birds in them. I went ashore for the
first time since I hurt my fingers, and I went up for
quite a' distance without seeing one bird! The first
one I saw was a shrike , and then I heard a few pigeons
call among the trees, but they were very hard to see
because of the dense foliage of the trees. I got only
a few birds here because the rain started in the after-
noon. Next day I stayed on board to skin birds. T ,7e
sailed at noon and headed for Santa Cruz Islands,
arriving there on Sunday afternoon (19)
Vanikoro Island, Santa Cruz Group, Sept. 20
This island has a very good forest, but very
very dense. I went over the highest mountain in search
of rare birds, but very few were seen about the ridge.
At the very top I found a hole in the ground about
thirty feet deep and six feet across. This hole was
made by rain water which sank at that place. On the
sides I found three swifts' nests. One had two young
3 yjft iX hd X »T S 8 fMK*©tf '. iH OX'/'.i.j 6 -V.rf -:lSSi ■ ' L
• ■ ■ ; n f 5 '-o r :o.. ‘ v • ■ ; i i a
9 f ;•••, a ".r, - 10 H' ! ' £ 3 ■ ■' * : a ott 'ox-."/ u : v
etc oli .BV’L wo? jS to"' bfffd \;r: «Q£ 'O
9K ; jfcaS .1 02 , B 33 C 1 Off? li 5 ;. . Ol / 10 $
,1 -jjirXcV TO r.:o & Xiae &iib rfoOIi o c-t : 3 -0
:l . qc ,. . -ial
: ■ r; • ■ < r ! X-t : g ■ ■; o ■ , ' 3 v. kuu ci : ■ b o; i ■ n
snoosicf v.’o? a b* ca&o i. bag , . ?3la. tig * t<&v x&a i
■
.
.
.j-.'o . GeB'- h Boca vt:- corf orf ;Iu‘i ;; erf-
liyT^ a 1 r r. •'. rfa^c deorf? , & ; rovo 3 craw I .dost6i •-,•
• £*rW a€0&: oiev w« 4? by ra . • jh ; " c
L • oXo 8 i rf , 630 X 0 * - -> 0 ? Kit: v.... Cjeeo 3 96 ' v ■ ' '
..r lf T: 0*5 y& eaO • - ; a ;'"i\ ^r> ■ be to:
? 6 '
birds about three or four days old; one had two fresh
eggs, and another had the birds on the nest. Hear the
same place I shot a kingfisher, the only one we got at
this side of the island. The weather was very bad every
day; heavy showers came right along, so it made it hard
to collect. Some of the birds are quite different from
those of the Banks and Hew Hebrides Islands, except the
red-capped doves and Pacific pigeons. Three species of
small birds and some thick-heads kept going together in
the thick bushes, but not many in number, and for a few
miles we did not see a bird anywhere. He spent four days
at this bay and then moved to the north side of the same
island where the people said there were plenty of croco-
diles, because here we never saw one.
Vanikoro Island, 3ept. 24
At this side of the island ( north) we expected
to meet with some alligators or crocodiles, but there
were none in sight, and there were no signs of them.
77e found the birds here about the same as on the other
bay. He spent two days here and left on Sunday morning
for Utupua Island, arriving there at sunset.
While sailing among the Banks and Santa Cruz
Islands we met several shearwaters of about four or five
different kinds, and I saw one black, small petrel. Some
tropic birds passed us, but kept right on going. A few
curlews and plovers and tatlers r/ere collected by
Mr. Beck at the north side of Vanikoro Island.
,'.S -.•■■'t s . ' . 'i s-'/. blo C .> • ‘OS.0 O 0©'£ * I t T Od 0 09 id
,
5, ;•••;• 0 . B ■ IC ' ; , 10 ,ci i toiT-hf © : o/e ! oosiq; e
vii©v ljjcs-v 'td;'W'o5 ora . ftuxs/o/ ©$i fsb dfc-ce ci.fr.;
-;5b£J J :S , . / I© d- i\ t:. .. ’0 e vraid ; •>/,
.
o - - i -i . t e-&: , sa./i/'ueK well is orfitflS ®tu k ^ • oc : 2
’ o /oiasgo «©v:.’ , 8 «o ;a.iq of 'la©-" r»aa covoB bogqoe-fen'i
jl ■ j ; v.nxos iqa3f .vf)* 2 >a:i rstoiifd eraoa &fi& ooiitf 1 1 © as
•• . 0 / : m f iBiilscx rii v,t/n doa , 8 &ristf<J /■ ■:• /i
, 70 "-; ; z : &v,.a eV .n* 08 w%ae BfiCf aoe tori & 1 & owr a el :tn
-Jj/M; s/-uv soo.-.;.? »;,;3 slqoe <; ed.t air- iv f5lw i-.-
, ■••,/ voi i, / even sc ©*ror: oeoeaatf .soli/
i' ' , &K'jXeI OTOXiai. ■
, , i ili 1 S i 9-'| to £ t ’ 3 Si Id ).
i J ,G 9 £ib< :oic siotej.i '.Xxs ©C'-js ri.jiv foeo- od
- ;j ' .. ■: \ . . ) t . ■ ■■’ •• J . is tii ■ .or on: ■
■.
.tson/a d© Id "clviTt© , &asl3 : ©w£r<T‘ ic
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; >Y , ' rot •'. . O'. on /: ©v/o; eiic Ibo d on ©r a b a© I o
d de.t oe : loc 5 T 8 - ©- 9 P?fid &fl£ aru vo I on... 3 >.-'
. d;/.s: 3 l c-v/ to a bis d" . .; o /* 'a o &(■ .■
Utupua Island, Sept. 27
Ve arrived here yesterday evening and had a good
77
restful night. This morning was beautiful and we went
ashore to collect. I went in a canoe with a native
who landed me at the mangrove beach inside the Lagoon
Bay. The first bird I met was a red-capped dove. Then
I saw one fantail, but missed it. Very few birds live
at this island; of small birds I saw only about four or
five species. The fine weather lasted only a short time;
a heavy shower came up about ten o'clock and it continued
to rain all afternoon, so my collection was very small.
The natives here told us that there are some small
alligators in this bay, but at the end of it in the creek.
Sept. 28-30
I went over to the north end where I saw a large
mangrove swamp and a flat valley. The mangrove goes
further inland and then the bush land plain begins and
goes very far in. Here I looked for the white-breasted
ground dove. I saw several ground doves fly in the
distance, but could not make out what they were. 1 got
three common ones and a few other birds. On the reefs I
saw several curlews, plovers, tatlers and white-bellied
sandpipers; among these birds I collected a few and two
sandpipers. At this island we only found thrushes at
two flat places near the beach. On the first day 7 I got
seven in about thirty; minutes in the afternoon. The
number of species of land birds here is very small.
!7e left here and sailed for the Duff Group where we
arrived on Saturday morning, Oct. 2.
VS . tnel httkI -%1 isxrqtfrf'F
i< ■ ' « \m& rmineva ^sfitoo-as^ ©varf bsviitr. o?
:;rra?; ■> : fine iir* n ■ ^rfiFrirf-a at- .rirfsifi I
evilisei 3 .■.i.cr; eonao c nl riaov '!• .riooilas o# ett-ort.eu*
ho; •' o.<t obi* ..: i 'o&Qii a - oi-grtfiitT : ort* ;,j 'or* : 3 &£U •>
■ Oil- ,ov ,& bogqas -&01 © ©tw riajn j btid fail* aril . ^tS
ov:I sbiie wVt TtoV . >Ti Saoeim -t ;ri ,Ix.c 3 va’ ano wiie I
' * :CGi 3 rjl no X. abiia Xi608 %p . oriJ Si - t'Ai tji
• B'mit irorin a ^Ino bales! tadriaaw art If' ?ri 7 .ooiooqx ovu
fcsxi; ctaoo ' r -6 lies rioolo'o aet Jaoo* qa ©nao 10 rode v?v^ori 3
. lame -{tor e&x; aoitoeCIoo r ;m ob .sooatolfs I fe u si - t
■
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■ ;j :r ^ I li , ov
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Soriaavid-ori !•:•> add io' v b&kdol I z aE .at •;•:.? ' eeos
-v. :■ • ; I ~ o-i: 3 £>’ :"3E . f be: rot
qo-- i . 97 . 0 # \jo.' ; ri .laris? .1 no 93G8OJ sou &E*foo S -ri , aoaari oi f.
I ;.■ o' J fiO . £c’ e Crio wsX 3 oae eeoo aojmrfoo t •'r . :
.
;;o c': .'Bn- :.dr fcfiirol qlno ex, DOfci'a 8 L II ,Ot 0 qiq&q*=..;.
f ; > ? ; t r' *.: ‘ oL .• 0£9<! r»riri xboh eoofilg ial': 0 •:;
ail;: .aooats^'r.j oar ai aorir/ar' ^rialrir $ tip da si nevse
iXfaao •/; av ai ateri sbaitf oftsX Ip eoioaqC 'lo todir ,
er atorri quoti' 1'VuC arii' to> belias 600 et *d Jf: o .'
.doO i~0~: ob’; rrriJpt ec oa . •.
Disappointment Island
7 Jo went ashore about nine a.m. The first to
welcome t;s was a large cloud of mosquitoes which tried
our blood to see if it was sweet. After fighting them
for awhile, each of us took a different way into the forest.
The first bird I saw was a male thickhead which I mistook
for a thrush. Later I saw two more thickheads and one
honey-eater (red), and further up a few more honey-eaters
and one small parraqueet. Pacific pigeons, red- capped
doves and a kingfisher were about the only land birds
we got today.
Oct. 4
'.7e went ashore again today and looked for ground
doves and a few others; there were very few birds on
the island. I saw one gallinule on the taro patches,
but I missed it.
Oct. 5
This morning we lifted anchor and went around
to the small inlets with the hope of finding some sea
birds, but nothing came in sight except a few boobies
flying far away in the distance, so we came to another
large island of the same group and dropped anchor there
about noon; we collected in the afternoon. At this
island we found very few birds, only four or five
species. In the evening we sailed out again for ileef
Islands .
Heef Islands, Oct. 6-10
This group of islands is flat and of lime
formation, and a great part of the land is covered with
jj- fi'.V: e i" .(?:.» :.t i :©#& ty:.OCim& ■ rcrr: ;7
oil" ioi'i’v* or ;om o r.ro £.l 05 .<>1 ^ b.ow m ossbolew
■
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B-r&^ao-^t.fOd o' o. ".o' *j qa ■■ ■:•. baa ,{boi) -.a/io- e .0
oo boi f aaoo>rc; .x‘ ;; io^'l liaoe eao : :u>
Ba-tici brn-I % I r io O’.i? j-o'od^ e-res xeaB-xl^rcid' s u^tJts sever
. \ji i.Od ? Or; 8W
■ , ■" Yj
Sn. . • n" ner.'oo [ xae o.U‘,.x srciito e/r^,- /','
r:c I’&if ' ') "or cr.er .; eri.i ! • 9 i- c . r/ *5 LIL ov '
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^ .#£ rei ' r i 7
ci . if oO
ba:. r 0 T£< ?flO'r r. . . -re , , _js bt J'ti: o\v r ritxo:;- 3//
t oe r (O r -saXi/tH ‘do acre . e / rfcf It e/els.i X \s«na o;(X or
r ; ••; . we': ii tfqooxo " . : . a lx 9- .c.o ••.: ; ./? 0. ‘ J ,&fj\ '
. .,/jr . ot 9 rr uo 0 w 00 . oonadoiS exit n ‘ vpsw* ns' £eti "X
O'. 1 ' Ofl * 70 '.! LIU; oorygoib h- a; q,«m 9 f 1 $£ 0 : 0 ? V 'a.!'' 0 ?.*JX,X
I . ao ..'rc/Z^ e/Z al XoXcoIIpo ov, :/ioc * 3 <c
ovi/ -10 7 'c/ "Z 0 , . v i £f .0* o'? bnxxo'r at. b uls :
7/1 axis- - Xxjo be: ais o* • • i.ievo o.L! it I -.eoxoeaa
' . - .sha^XeX
. . o . ■- . a 1 '' . vX
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■breadfruit trees. I never before saw so many pigeons
together; there are thousands of them everywhere and
they are quite tame, some staying about twenty feet
from us and not flying away anti 1 we came closer. There
are very few species of small birds. lie d T capped doves
called everywhere, but it'- was very hard to see them
in the dense foliage on the tops of the trees. There
are a few ground doves too, but they are wilder than
the others, flying away at the first sight of anybody.
The pigeons now have young ones, some ready to fly,
but the ground doves and red-capped doves start laying
now. I found three ground doves' nests and one red-
cap's with eggs but no sign of young birds yet. Probabl
they nest a little later than the pigeons. Uo small
birds' nests were seen here. I saw a cave which had
some small bats and swifts, but it was too dark so I
could not find any nests inside. About the lagoon and
over the mangroves there are many thousands of shore
birds, curlews, gowdits, gurnstones, plovers, tatlers,
sandpipers, herons, green herons, white-capped terns
and yellow billed terns. On the second day here the
natives called me to look at one alligator that was
asleep in the shallow water of the lagoon near the small
mangrove tree. I took a look from a distance, and so
saw a black spot in the water. About halfway on the
reefs between the two islands there were two more of
small size, but 1 only saw the black spots.
Heef Islands, Cct. 11-17
The Pacific pigeons are the most common birds
bite -1V9 md $c ate^iiBooffv oxa ©xoriJ jujd^o^oi
Joe* , ; ;u<:f87/J Juotffe '. q&J a orbs , arae# aJ-hrp axe \;o.rti
8 . g 'T .1920 ,:o '417X0 9'" r ii:7ai V-j&t*3 Tlliv; I' 1 JOfl b£LB 8.1 101®'
oqqaovOX .3D1XU ' X.-.-U1& -10 30 :oeqa I'Ot " l O'.
■104 -J 980 0 J 01.0 ;?T07 SB l 7 X ‘ OTC? , 01 OilwVISVO belleO
oifu: . .sei‘ o.iJ acfOJ oril no 9gaiXo$ eetleb oc7 r f
a sx|$ Jn go :
laiv'...-: J '*o' a e ovo & Loqqxo-fcs'i bus sevob banoig eriJ J;/cf
.
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'■iio no ■ .obraa: 8 a sen \.no brut' " ■ 1 n; i 1 ;oo
-
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auic - bo^qao-eJ .a J, 7 t «aox»d nsoi> , aaoxerl , SToqicfbiUsa
6093 . ' " . ' : . &! . WOJ - .
■
08 ii'ii , 90 101 a ©01$ Jlool S :IooJ 1 .9 0X7 3V0l£ll3tf!
: no - ,aw$ . .. jod :. .ne7av. &ri c ni Joqe rfoalu a ?<bb
* to 910 :" o •• * 0*191 &1 9ri J- abnaiai ow’d odJ asov.doo s? oox
.87033 rfoa 1 d 9ilJ w&e ^Ino i 7ird ,esis l lame
V r - li .7ix . 3b. xlBl $035;
ebx flo o r 7ion oi7 on c ; . a ei$i§3 «x£
on this island; we saw and heard them all over. Red-
capped doves were also heard everywhere in the forests.
80
There were not so many long- tailed and ground doves.
^7e found yellow-eyes and parraqueets only at one plane
around the Missionary station at the Lomlom Island;
outside of this place, it is very rare to see one. The
pigeons are almost all young ones of all sizes and few
fresh eggs were found by the natives. Ground doves are
nesting now too. 1 found six nests of these birds, but
the eggs were in an advanced state of incubation. I
only found one nest of the red-capped dove with one egg
in it, but it had a big chicken inside. The parraqueets
are beginning to make love now for nesting. I noticed
that the male birds are very jealous of the mate when
another male bird comes near.
Kapani Island, Oct. 13
Tie left Reef Islands this morning and dropped
anchor at ITapani Island , outside the reefs late in the
afternoon. Tie could not go ashore because it was too
late and the weather was bad. Uext morning the weather
was worse and a heavy rain fell all morning. In the
afternoon it cleared but very little; we went ashore,
but after we had landed a very heavy shower came and
spoiled our collecting, but we got a few noddies and
some land birds. Next day we tried again for a few more
shore and land birds. IJo nests were found except those
of lesser noddies. A few tropic birds flew over the
island and one frigate bird was seen flying high up
over the island. Few people live here and in very poor
, ■< 3: '10
• ■ :lTO 17
0 • ; ? it i: Sr ©ft v^g 1 6 v e
tout'd oa
%& © i- iiovob n© ‘ '.r&
.ootc ! f)ii .: luO bold, :.j - grvcl , \iaiir 08 do ; ©'. y. o': a.'.'
_
;'-v.C:. rl -rc r . . end r.;. no rdsds /■: y ic : r n .rM raid -.
e i ,oao. ©os o? ©asi vrov si dx . ooslq eiiid to- obletuo
7<e . baa aqqtla .U: . .) asno nrov; II . daafmlr e*rs oaooj r.or
01 < . SJt^O EiGlI ./
■■.■..■•■■■ i
t "-. o ocio rr-iv. ©yob bec/ rao- £ei ey lo iaer ana baxr.oli rlno .;
. & . i ! ' :
oeolifon 1 fctarar vu-'i fvol: r: ,:• erf - a - :;ioc
i.se. v. odaci orirf 'to uroia.r yiav sza sfciicf alar c. j
.
?-I .do ; , ba-./sj. xnsqs'L
briaqoi \ 5 as ynzlatm a xad abasia „ 'Xsob d!toI ©v:
r ©i+al ” or.-, c -Id ef> cadj?® ,oaaSol fra s ds *rc (onco
ood as* tfi aoaaogo i'ioas.o og don blijoo 3Y.‘ .aoonaod :. s
3‘ 4 i, . , a tor Ii. i - o' jfsi a ox. a bu^^tioy *
;
femj a o lb. bon *: ©3: v dog &v. d ;:i , yard pie Hoc mo. fcolioqa
c . - p 3 y i r ars s bo he ov. ^ b ?-.r.oj; .abiic baxu ©mo a
©o aid 1:6010 baiTo' ©low a.laaa oil .ef.r lr tbiial ..bet& oi'oe.:
eri.f a © vb ©IX a&rid oxqoi? v;s' .asi&boa • ©seovl Xo
lo on grs-. r fc sisr S'" --i
;S Iqoeq o
. bitfi a i: id
T 9 ‘
condi ti on.
Santa Cruz Island , Cot. 16
A small collection was made at this island at
81
this time. 1 landed at the south side of Gracioza Bay.
The land goes flat for awhile and then goes up a little.
Bed-capped doves called everywhere. A few ground doves
were seen and collected. Long- tailed doves and Pacific
pireons were very common too. I saw yellow-eyes near
the beach on the flat land, but not many on high land.
The small fantails here are different from those of ■
Vanikoro I., and one new species of small bird was
found on this island; it is the size and quite the same
color of the white-eye, but lives in thick forests in
pairs. Very few were seen and only four collected.
I found one nest of the ground dove with two baby birds
in it, and also a wild hen's nest on the ground with
five eggs in it. I broke one and found a chicken about
half way advanced in incubation, so I left the other
four there. Several swallows flew over the road and
along the beach. Plenty of wild fowl were seen in the
bushes and roosters called everywhere. At this part
of the island there are no signs of wild pigs, maybe
there are some over on the other side, and maybe some
different birds too, but I have not gone over there yet.
6 i .toe . fttsaXai so%'C . &i.
.. s boa i ■: ! . s hit ?a ©Ba - saw noi-ioe.XIoo XXsns A
. ay ::•■.. r © ' e ohlB dtisc a or:' t£ boBoaX i .sM-i o ;
a coy? ctei# B:^s . i - ool talx ao&: bo.> 1 oxib
von f ;xjo ^ - ol ; , 0 'cg. ■■■.>•’£*£ ' r © bsi Ix;o sovob b*;fq,e$ ■■..
ofiiosl beta e-evob Be: iau -%«oJ vbetosilos baa aefra arcev
•ij39.: so r ol ox; .vac . .00 i aeaifno 0 -/a ?r: 01 or sao vr rq
, f. , s i i’c./xi no ^xrsm t-oa ct j.rd , [i.sj. vf^fi erftf no i/oasd 6 ,k
[} . .
fe-iiirf IIBA1B- $0 KOXOOqC #9lj 6 B , . £«'«
•' . ■
a- • ririt rii aovXI txrcf , a-;.o-ei ixiv. sa$- *3 loloo
: .bsto&ilEps *x ;xo 1 -.;Ino has aoea > , xa. v.oh r?o.\ ymUfc
ab-iiii v.tfc <w* rtffr ovo .0 Bax/eT** sit 'to teen em fcnrjot: I
.' t arst no ; 'aorl fcl iw a os Is :. a . 3 i it
Iiiocf a tfcoiolrio a 5 ri: ot bits eno eJtGTtf I -Ji aJt r:* - o ovit
To.ilo s. ; .r tto . os , aoirtsl ;oni ai fieonarha I ari
baa b_.o*i on' • a 0 rail ewolisws Xu'ievot .010 ‘t "irc’>
. . '
.; ii-o ctn: ■:> . osoi" "a ove boil-so saota.ooa baa c s 0
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OfOnt HV'C OflOj- tOC OWiU I tllcf , OOt 3 M I Ci ti u / :A
list of Birds of Hew Hebrides Islands 82
taken by the Whitney Expedition. J. G. C.
Efate Island
Land Birds
1 . Hawk
19. Warbler
2. Gallimile
20. White -eye (Gold)
3. Mai an
21. Red Honeysucker
4. Pigeon (Pacific)
22. Blue-head Finch
5. Black Pigeon
23. Swallow
6. Green Dove
24. Gray Swift
7. Ground Dove
25. Wild Fowl
8. He d- cap Dove
26. Wood Swallow
,9. Long- tail Dove
27. Hail (Viar)
10. Parakeet large)
28. Bat
11. Thrush
29. Fly-fox
12. Sooty Flycatcher
30. Owl
13. Kingfisher
31. Fan-tail (small)
14. Shrike
32. White -eye (gray)
15. Thick- he ad
33. White Swift
16. Yellow-belly
34. Red-cap Finch
17. Fan-tail (large)
35. Red-breast Robin
18. Broadbill
36. Duck
Uguna Island
Land Birds
1. Pigeon (Pacific)
15. Hawk
2. Malau
16. Gray Hawk
3. Black Pigeon
17. Red Honey Eater
4. Green Dove
18. White-eye (gold)
5. Long- tail Dove
19. 7/hite-eye (gray)
6. Ground Dove
20. Broadbill
7. Kingfisher
21. White Swift
8. Thick- he ad
22. Thrush
9. Cuckoo
23. Wild Fowl
10. 7/o od Swallow
24. Fly-fox
11. Shrike
25. Bat
12. 7/arbler
26. Owl
13. Red-cap Dove
14. Fan-tail
27. Parrot (small)
Sea Birds Curlew, Heron,
Yellow-bill Tern.
Mau Island
Land Birds
1. Malau
10. Warbler
2. Callinule
11. White-eye (gray)
3. Green Dove
12. White-eye (golden
4. Ground Dove
13. Red Honey Eater
5. Red -can Dove
14. Black Pigeon
6. Long- tail Dove
15. 'Wo od Swallow
7. Cuckoo (Tahiti)
16. Cuckoo (small)
8. Kingfisher
9. Parrot
17. Broadbill
Mai Island
83
Land Birds
1. Pigeon (Pacific)
15
2. Black Pigeon
16
3. Green Dove
17
4. Malau
18
5. Long- tail Dove
19
6. Ground Dove
20
7. Red-cap Dove
21
8 . Thrush
22
9. Kingfisher
23
10. Sooty Flycatcher
24
11. Parrot
25
12. Paraqueet
26
13. Warbler
27
14. Red-cap Pinch
Monument Rook
Hummingbird
White-eye (golden)
White- eye (gray)
Redbreast
Red Honey Eater
Swift (gray)
Swift (white)
Broadbi 11
Pan- tail (large)
Pan- tail (small)
Shrike
Thick- he ad
Cuckoo
Plotus Booby, Red-footed Booby
Matasso Island
'Wood Swallow, Broadbi 11, Red Honey Eater
Makara I s land
Land Birds
1. Cal linule
2. Black Pigeon
3. Red-cap Dove
4. Ground Dove
5. Kingfisher
6 .
7.
8 .
9.
10 .
Wood Swallow
Warbler
Red Honey Eater
White-eye (gray)
Broadbi 11
Tongariki Island
Land Birds
1. Gallinule
9. Pan- tail (large)
2. Malau
10. Pan- tail (small)
3. Kingfisher
11. White-eye (golden
4. Long- tail Dove
12. White-eye (gray'
5. Ground Dove
13. Red Honey Eater
6. Paraqiieet (small)
14. Warbler
7. Shrike
8. Thick-head
15. Red-cap Pinch
Tongoa
Island
Land Birds
1. Malau
8. Thick-head
2. Pigeon (Pacific)
9. Kingfisher
3. Green Dove
10. Parrot
4. Long-tail Dove
11. Shrike
5. Red-cap Dove
12. 7/arbler
6. Ground Dove
13. Red Honey Eater
7. Rail (Viar)
14. White-eye (gray)
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15.
Whi te-eye
( golden)
19. White Swift
16.
Red-head
Finoh
20. Redbreast
17.
Fan-tail
( large )
21. Wood Swallow
18.
Fan-tail
( smal 1 )
Epi Island
1. Malau
17. Broadbill
2. Gallinule
18. Shining Cuckoo
3. Pigeon (Pacific)
19. White-eye (gold)
4. Green Dove
29. White-eye (gray)
5. Long- tail Dove
21. Humming Bird
6. Ground Dove
22. Rail (Viar)
7. Red-cap Dove
23. Yellow-belly
8. Thrush
24. Swift (large)
9. Kingfisher
25. Swift (gray)
10. Shrike
26. Swift (white)
11. Thick-head
27. Swallow
12. Parrot
28. Hawk (large)
13. Paraqueet
29. Hawk (small)
14. Owl
30. Cuckoo
15. White Honey Eater
16. Red Honey Eater
31. Fan-tail
Loperi
Island
1. Black Pigeon
14. Red Honey Eater
2. Malau
15. Kingfisher
3. Green Dove
1 6 . Thrush
4. Ground Dove
17. Redbreast
5. Long- tail Love
18. Hummingbird
6. Red-cap Dove
'19. Shrike
7. Yellow-belly
20. Red -head Finch
8 . Yellow- eye
21. Blue-head Finch
9. 'White-eye (golden)
22. Swift (white)
10. White-eye (gray)
23. Paraqueet (small)
11. Sooty Flycatcher
24. Wood Swallow
12. Fan-tail (small)
25. Broadbill
13. Warbler
26 . Hawk ( large )
Pauuma
. Island
1. Hawk (large)
14. Paraqueet
2. Green Dove
15. Warbler
3. Ground Dove
16. White Honey Eater
4. Red-cap Dove
17. Red Honey Eater
5. Long- tail Dove
18. Redbreast
6. Yellow-eye
19. Red-head Finch
7. Yellow-belly
20. Swift (white)
8. Kingfisher
21. Swallow
9. Shrike
22. Cuckoo
10. Sooty Flycatcher
23. White-eye (golden)
11. Fan-tail (large)
24. White-eye (gray)
12. Fan-tail (small)
25 . Thrush
13. Parrot
26. Black Pigeon
Ambrym Island
1. Black Pigeon
2. Ground Dove
3. Long- tail Dove
4. Red-cap Dove
5. Parrot
6. Thrush
7. Shrike
8. Kingfisher
9. Cuckoo ( Tahitian)
10. Cuckoo
11. Shining Cuckoo
12. Warbler
Hal 1
1. Malau
2. Pigeon Pacific).
3. Black Pigeon
4. Hawk ( large)
5. Green Dove
6. Ground Dove
7. Red-cap Dove
8. Long- tail Dove
9. Thick-head
10. Yellow-eye
11. Yellow-belly
12. Crow
13. Thrush
14. Shrike
15. Kingfisher
16. Kingfisher (small)
17. Sooty Flycatcher
13. Red Honey Rater
14. ’White-eye (gray)
15. White-eye (golden)
16. Humming Bird
17. Swift (white)
18. Wood Swallow
19. Fan-tail (small)
20. Redbreast
21. Owl
22. Hawk ( large)
23. Broadbill
ikul a Island
18. Fan-tail
19. Warbler
20. White Honey Eater
21. Red Honey Eater
22. White-eye' (golden)
23. 'White -eye gray)
24. Wood Swallow
25. Swallow
26 . Swi f t
27. Broadbill
28. Cuckoo
29. Shining Cuckoo
30. Parrot
31. Owl
32. Humming Bird
33. Swift (large)
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Ptilonopus perousei .
Grimson-eap Dove
Viti Levu.
Photograph of life-
size water-color paint-
ing, showing flimsy
method of constructing
so-called nest, merely
a platform of a few
twigs.
W. J. Belcher.
Ptilotis proceri or
Honey- sucker
Viti Levu.
A photograph of one of
my life-size water-
color paintings.
W. J. Belcher.
08
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